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MINERAL NITROGEN IN SOIL AND PERCOLATED WATER UNDER INTENSIVE CROP PRODUCTION AT VINOKOVSCAK LOCATION
Danijela Jungić
; Agronomski fakultet Sveučilišta u Zagrebu, Zagreb, Hrvatska
Stjepan Husnjak
; Agronomski fakultet Sveučilišta u Zagrebu, Zagreb, Hrvatska
Mario Sraka
; Agronomski fakultet Sveučilišta u Zagrebu, Zagreb, Hrvatska
Aleksandra Bensa
; Agronomski fakultet Sveučilišta u Zagrebu, Zagreb, Hrvatska
Vedran Rubinić
; Agronomski fakultet Sveučilišta u Zagrebu, Zagreb, Hrvatska
Sažetak
Achieving the highest possible yields of major agricultural crops implies using large quantities of mineral and/or organic fertilizers in order to take advantage of the physical, chemical and biological soil potential to the highest extent. Nitrogen fertilizers, especially when in nitrate form, represent the biggest threat to soils and waters. Thereby, stationary lysimetric research was conducted during years 2003-2006 on semigley soil at the control field Vinokovščak in Varaždin county. In this trial, growing crops were: sugar beet, winter wheat and winter oil-seed rape with annual nitrogen fertilization varied from 40.5 to 71.5 kg N/ha. The goal of this research was to determine the influence of the application of different type and doses of mineral fertilizers on percolate pollution by mineral nitrogen, with regards to growing different crops.
For this purpose: (1) dynamics and concentrations of mineral nitrogen in the
soil and percolating water were determined, (2) mineral nitrogen leached from rhizosphere layer by percolating water was calculated, and (3) leachate pollution by nitrates was evaluated. Nitrates in soil varied from 0.06 mgNO3-/100 g (soil) to 21.43 mg NO3-/100 g (soil). Total mineral nitrogen in soil ranged from 17.37 kg N/ha to 267.79 kg N/ha. Nitrates concentrations in percolated water collected from gravity lysimeters varied in a wide range from 4.30 mg NO3-/l to 225.10 mg NO3 -/l and they are mostly exceeded MAC of 50.0 m g NO3-/l especially in wet years (2004 and 2005). Maximum mineral nitrogen leaching (35.96 kg N/ha, or 54.5 % of total N added through fertilization) was determinated during cultivation of sugar beet and winter wheat (year 2004). These results indicate continuous leachate and aquifer pollution by mineral nitrogen. Therefore, adequate measures should be taken, such as continuous monitoring of soil and particularly water quality, as well as limitation of the agricultural production intensity in this very sensitive area.
Ključne riječi
nitrogen; soil; percolate; leaching; pollution
Hrčak ID:
112683
URI
Datum izdavanja:
25.11.2013.
Posjeta: 2.248 *