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The Village and Cultural Policy (Theoretic Approaches and Models)
Milovan Mitrović
Sažetak
The article studies models of cultural
policy on the village. It is divided into two
parts. The first presents and critically
discusses the most important theoretic
approaches to the village and the
peasantry, starting from the understanding
that any selected model of cultural policy
always directly or indirectly stems from
some theoretic attitude, in spite of the fact
that it has to consider existing
sociohistoric and cultural circumstances
as well.
The second, longer, part of the article
discusses theoretically and critically the
existing and possible types of cultural
policy on the village. It first defines cultural
policy as the planned and organized
activities of the broader society aimed at
(1) protecting the already existing cultural
heritage, (2) inciting and stimulating
cultural creativity and (3) developing the
cultural life of smaller and larger social
groups. After that it explains the main
principles of cultural policy: (1) the
principle of continuity, (2) of
self-determination and (3) selectivity.
Culture is considered to be an element of
the social structure and not a kind of
"superstructure", so it is defined as an inner
(meaningful) component of society as
a whole. It is the individual-subjective tenor
of every social activity (action) and all
objectivized collective social products
(groups, institutions and organizations),
but it is also the accepted pattern of
believing, thinking, feeling, behaviour and
activity of every individual member of
society. Therefore, cultural policy does not
mean only to direct culture, but primarily to
direct people as conscious doers, who
have their own personal needs and
interests, selected values and accepted
norms.
Rural culture is defined as a historically
formed unity of social knowledge (skills),
values and norms which describe, give a
meaning to, direct and regulate —
according to existing or to potential human
needs and interests-typical social
activities and relations in the village:
farming, relations in the peasant family and
the local rural community and other
individual and group relations in the
village. After defining the concept of rural culture
and differentiating it from other kindered
concepts, we begin a critical study of
existing and possible models of cultural
policy on the village: (1) traditional-elitiste,
(2) enlightened-activist, (3) commercialconsumer
and (4) autonomous-humanistic,
the last of which is determined as a critical
attitude and not as a developed model.
Ključne riječi
Hrčak ID:
121750
URI
Datum izdavanja:
7.7.1988.
Posjeta: 1.649 *