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Hermine Göricke-Lukić
; Muzej Slavonije Osijek
Sažetak
In 1982. protective archaeological explorations were performed in the territory of Roman colony Mursa in Donji grad in Osijek at the location for the construction of residential buildings on the wider area bordering the south-west side of Ban Josip Jelacic square, eastern part of Huttlerova street and northern part of Vukovarska street (Plan 1). Explorations were performed inside 11 blocks of type A (dimensions 25x10 m) and 9 blocks of type B (dimensions 20x20 m) at the total area of 6.800 m2. In block A4 (quadrant 1), located at the corner of the eastern side of Huttlerova street (former Miljanoviceva) and square in Donji grad, collective finds of brass coins from Hadrian's time was discovered at the depth of 1.80 m on 20th July 1982. It was found in block A4/1 in the horizon rich in archaeological finds, basis of Roman architecture. The coins were deposited in a well preserved coin-box made of red clay, of pear-shaped.
Clay coin-box contained six brass coins, five from the period of emperor Trajan and one from the period of emperor Hadrian, relatively well preserved and of homogenous patina. Five coins were sesterces and one dupondius.
Our coin-box with brass coins was discovered at the depth of 1.80 m next to the ground of Roman building, where the former owner might have left or forgotten it. Chronologically, the latest of the coins was the one from the period of emperor Hadrian, minted in 119., which suggests that the building was probably destroyed in the twenties of 2nd century. A similar find does not exist anywhere else in Lower Pannonia.
Analysis of representation of collective findings in Pannonia shows that after relatively peaceful 1st century, not before the sixties of 2nd century, during the rule of Marcus Aurelius, did gold, silver and mostly bronze coins boards appear, which can be ranged into two groups: one in Slavonia, around Mursa, and the second one west from Bjelovar (DUKAT-MIRNIK
1978; 198). These boards are the result of riots caused by raid of barbarian tribes, Marcomans, Kvadi, Jarigi, into Pannonia in the end of 167. or the beginning of 168.
But, our coin-box does not belong to that group of boards caused by Marcoman wars, but to earlier period of pre-colonial Mursa. In the end of 1st ct. and the beginning of 2nd ct., during Trajan's wars, when great changes occur in Pannonia, which also had influence on Mursa. That is where legion X. Gemina from Aquincum was transferred and where it built a cantonment (BULAT 1989; 13). Gravestone of one of its members, Verekund, proves its presence in Mursa (KLEMENC 1928; 271), as well as the brick with his seal and the grave of one of the officers from the barracks in Donji grad (BULAT 1989; 13). After conquering Dacia, there was no need for a big military garrison to remain in Mursa, and thus legion X. Gemina was transferred to Vindobona in the beginning of 2nd ct., where it remained.
There are no doubts that after departure of the legion fights with barbarians were continued, which resulted with riots in Mursa. Attacks of Kvadi and Jarigi in the end of year 117. and the beginning of 118. as well as the fights with Sarmati resulted with Hadrian's descent onto middle Danube. Hadrian spent some time in Mursa in 124. but probably also in the year 119. (FLUSS, 1933; 4).
In such circumstances, caused by fights with barbarians in the twenties of 2nd century, Mursa suffered damage, and that is when various structures were destroyed. Among them was the one in which our coinbox was found, which is proved by these finds. Its significance is even more important because it is the first piece of information for the history of Mursa in the period between the departure of the legion and establishment of the colony.
Ključne riječi
Hrčak ID:
165071
URI
Datum izdavanja:
5.12.2001.
Posjeta: 804 *