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A CONTRIBUTION TO THE KNOWLEDGE OF THE APEARANCE AND OF THE EXPANSION OF APGIS ( Aphididae, hompotera) ON SUNFLOWER FIELDS IN VOJVODINA
Dušan Čamprag
; Poljoprivredni fakultet Novi Sad
Vojislav Kosovac
; Poljoprivredni fakultet Novi Sad
Radoslav Sekulić
; Poljoprivredni fakultet Novi Sad
Sretan Stamenković
; Poljoprivredni fakultet Novi Sad
Đoka Milin
; Poljoprivredni fakultet Novi Sad
Sažetak
Among the specieses from the family Aphididae attacking the, crops ot sunflower in Vojvodina (North-east part of Yugoslavia), Aphis fabae Scop and Brachycaudus helichrysi Kalt dominate. In the last years the sunflower crops were mostly attacked by Aphis fabae Scop (in 1972 and 1973) whereas in 1974 the sunflower crops were especially attacked by Brachycaudus helycristi Kalt, which seems to cause more damages on the earlier seeded crops. Aphis appear on the sunflower in the second of May, in June and partly in July, the attacks in June being the most vehement. All arial parts of sunflower plants are the subject of the attacks, the leaves and the heads before flowering are prevalently attacked. The upper parts of the plants are mostly infected, even though the whole plant is sometimes attacked. All plants on one field can be infected. The attacks cause the curling and the deformation of leaves and the plants retard in grow. The aphis belongs to the most damaging pestson sunflower crops in Vojvodina, and late in spring the aphis is the most important enemy to sunflower. Aphididae appear every year on sunfloweer fields. From time to time there appear considerably important attacks on a ratheer extendeed area like in the years: 1957,1959, 1965, 1972 to 1974.In the first decade of June in 1972 the aphis were found on all 84 inspected sunflower fields, the infection: variying from 7 to 100% of plants or in average 53%. In the first half of June in 1973, 93,50 % of fields were attacked and in the last decade of June 100% of plants were attacked, the attaks being slightly loweer to the attacks in the previous year. Aphis was found on all sunflower plots, ,the average number of the infected plants being 97%, mass curling of leaves followed. ln 1974 there appeared the most vehement attack in the last 30 years ever noticed in Vojvodina. The spacies Aphis fabae Scop. attacks the marginal rows on sunflower fields more than the central rows (early in June 1973 the relation of the attacked plants being 42 to 9% consequently). On the marginal part of a big sunflower field, in the midle of May in 1974 there were 40 - 94% attacked plants by B. helichrysti Kalt, and 7 - 16% in the central rows only. The aphididae attacks the sunflower fields neighboring ,to treelined paths and forests more than the fields distant from them, they also attack more frequently the fields which are overgrown by the spontaneous weeds. The losses are bigger if less agrotechical measures are appilied.
Ključne riječi
Hrčak ID:
165378
URI
Datum izdavanja:
30.7.1975.
Posjeta: 634 *