Pregledni rad
The Architectural Elements of Franciscan Churches Built up to the End of the Sixteenth Century in Istria and the Kvarner Bay Islands
Damir Demonja
orcid.org/0000-0002-4186-5137
; Institut za razvoj i međunarodne odnose (IRMO) Ljudevita Farkaša Vukotinovića 2, 10000 Zagreb
Sažetak
The Franciscan churches of Istria (Pula, Poreč and Pazin) and the islands of Kvarner Bay (Krk, Cres, Lošinj, Rab and Pag), built prior to and at the end of the sixteenth century, are architectural achievements with a particular architectural agenda based on predetermined and supported principles. These objectives and principles are based on spatial and structural solutions, and their coherence stems from a desire for economy and attention to detail. A focus, then, on architectural elements, characterised by the simplicity of formative details, including those few of more emphasised plastic or decorative composition, was not appropriate; they were not afforded sufficient attention. In the precise dating of Franciscan churches in the area under consideration the architectural elements were to a large extent not taken into consideration; only in rare cases were they treated separately and interpreted, and the datings were derived largely on the basis of archival data. Precisely because they were built on the basis of an adopted idea that cannot be brought into connection with styles, the Franciscan churches treated in this manuscript, and Franciscan churches in general, largely exclude categories of style, such that the architectural elements did not have the same significance as they do in other churches. The analysis of the architectural elements of Franciscan churches in Istria and the Kvarner Bay islands, however, does allow us to form a picture of their roles and meaning in the frame of stylistic/chronological differentiation.
This paper will analyse the following architectural elements: walls and prominences of masonry underpinnings, buttresses, cornices, windows, portals, rose windows (oculus windows), chancel arches, vaults, ribs and consoles in Franciscan churches built up to the
end of the sixteenth century in Istria (Pula, Poreč and Pazin) and on the Kvarner Bay islands (Krk, Cres, Lošinj, Rab and Pag): the Church of St Francis in Pula, the Church of St Francis in Poreč, the Church of the Visitation of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Pazin, the Church of St Francis in Krk, the Church of the Annunciation of the Blessed Virgin
Mary on the island of Košljun, the Church of St Mary Magdalene in Porat (on the island of Krk), the Church of St Mary in Glavotok (on the island of Krk), the Church of St Francis in Cres, the Church of St Francis in Nerezine (on the island of Lošinj), the Church of St Bernardine in Kampor (on the island of Rab), the Church of St Francis
on Komrčar (on the island of Rab) and the Church of St Francis in Pag. An analysis of the cited architectural elements will demonstrate their architectural and stylistic elaboration (excellence) and in what measure they are applicable in the precise dating of the Franciscan
churches covered in this paper.
Ključne riječi
Franciscan churches; architectural elements; Istria; Kvarner Bay islands; analysis; excellence
Hrčak ID:
182638
URI
Datum izdavanja:
12.11.2016.
Posjeta: 1.785 *