Izvorni znanstveni članak
The Nevna Manor in the Middle Ages
Petar Seletković
orcid.org/0000-0002-0669-9743
Sažetak
This paper has, on the basis of available sources and literature, endeavoured to give an overview of the history of the medieval Nevna manor from the 13th century, the time of its first appearance in sources, until it fell under Ottoman rule in the 16th century.
This article endeavours to determine and to present the chronological sequence of noble families who owned Nevna, the way in which Nevna expanded over the course of various periods of time and it tries to determine the basic topographic data of places and settlements that belonged to the manor. The fortress and market town Nevna were situated in the vicinity of present-day Levanjska Varoš. Nevna was the seat of the great estate, of the same name, which was situated in the area stretching from the north-eastern slopes of the Dilj Mountain to the Đakovo plateau and was placed at the strategic important exit point of the Požega Valley towards the Đakovo area in the east. The estate was situated on the border of two medieval counties: the Požega and the Walko County. In 1422 the Nevna manor comprised 71 settlements, in 1428 93 settlements and in 1474 as many as 112 settlements. This manor was mentioned for the first time in the mid-13th century when it was owned by the eminent Ják noble family, which had moved to Hungary most likely in the time of St. Stephen the King in the 11th century. In the first quarter of the 14th the noble family Treutul obtained Nevna through marriage and it became their main estate. During the battles for the Hungarian throne at the turn of the 14th anf 15th century, the Treutul family supported the queens Mary and Elisabeth and Sigismund of Luxembourg, hence the family was allowed to keep its estates and strove to expand them, and moreover the highest honours in the kingdom were bestowed on them. Due to the fact that the transfer of the ownership of Nevna through the female line was documented on two occasions, this paper has endeavoured to draw attention to the significance of women regarding ownership, i.e. the transfer title to properties during the Middle Ages. From the time the Treutul family became extinct in the male line until the end of the Middle Ages and the Ottoman conquests, the Nevna manor and other lands in their possession, fell into the hands of various other noble families such as: the “Czech” of Levanjski, Korođ, Herceg of Szekcső, Rozgony, Čupor Moslavački, Berilavić and Motičinski. These families played a major role in the Kingdom of Hungary and highest honours were bestowed on the members of most of these families, titles such as: baron of the Kingdom of Hungary, ban of Mačva, master of the treasury, duke of Erdelj and so on. During the time of Ottoman threats in 1512, Toma Motičinski, owner of Nevna, at the same time last ban of Srebrenička banovina, lost the fortresses of Srebrenička banovina to the Ottomans, hence the Motičinski family was deprived of the Nevna manor by the king of Hungary in 1520. Eventually, in 1536, the Ottoman army occupied today’s Slavonia and the fortresses in the area: Đakovo, Gorjani, Podgorač, Palyna, Zeklach, Zombathel and among others Nevna (Nywna). The market town Nevna (varoš Nivna) became the seat of nahiye in the kaza Gorjan in the Sanjak of Pojega within the Ottoman Empire.
Ključne riječi
Nevna; Levanjska Varoš; Middle Ages; manors (landed estates); noble families; topography; local history
Hrčak ID:
210481
URI
Datum izdavanja:
1.11.2018.
Posjeta: 2.404 *