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CATHOLICS AND POLITICS: THE CONFLICT BETWEEN THE PARTISAN CROATIAN CATHOLIC MOVEMENT AND THE NON-PARTISAN CATHOLIC ACTION
Zlatko Matijević
; Hrvatski institut za povijest, Zagreb, Hrvatska
Sažetak
Petar Rogulja's article »Before the Dawn« (1916) led to an intense debate about the organization of the Croatian Catholic Movement (Hrvatski katolički pokret - HKP). He is important because he elaborated the ideology of the movement, which played an important role for Catholicism in the political life of Croatia. Rogulja and his supporters (the 'nacionalci' or 'nationalists') tried to reorganize the HKP into a »total system« (potpuni sistem). This meant that cultural and economic organizations were to be included as integral parts of a future political party. His opponents (the integralists or 'integralci') were not successful in attacking his policy. After the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes was formed (1918), the seniors of the Church organized their own political party - Hrvatska pučka stranku (HPS - Croatian Popular Party). The party claimed to represent »positive elements of the Christain congregation« but also claimed that it was »non-confessional.« The seniors made a commitment to »interconfessionalism. « The creation of Catholic Action - Katolička akcija (KA) by Pius XI provided official support for those Catholics that did not support the policy direction taken by the HKP. Unlike the HKP, which was organized from below, that is to say, by the laity outside of the auspices of the Church hierarchy, the organization of the KA was initiated from above, by the Church hierarchy as a whole. The KA, as defined by the encyclical »Ubi arcano Dei« (1922), along with other acts of the Holy See and the Catholic Church hierarchy, was not to include organizations intending to achieve »mundane objectives,« thus, political parties. A political party was at the heart of the HKP, but eventhough this was the case, Rogulja's supporters contributed to the organization of the KA. Though the KA was meant to be non-political, this did not mean that it was indifferent to politics generally, or to those who based their political activity on Christain/Catholic tenets. Seniors faithful to Rogulja's orientation believed that members of the KA would support their party in political matters. In any case, the leaders of the Catholic Church throughout Croatian lands never obligated its members to support the HPS. Opponents of the Seniors political party, mainly adherents of the Croatian Union of the Eagle (1923), accused them of anti-clericalism. The political disputes among Catholic activists in Croatia was brought to an end, but not resolved, by the Yugoslav Monarch's suspension of the Vidovdan constitution in 1929, at which time political parties where outlawed.
Ključne riječi
Hrčak ID:
214021
URI
Datum izdavanja:
4.3.1998.
Posjeta: 1.399 *