Izvorni znanstveni članak
https://doi.org/10.32004/k.52.5-6.3
SAINT HEMMA OF GURK AND THE TRAKOSCAN VILLA
Slavica Vrkić Žura
; Zadar
Sažetak
Emperor Henry II [Heinrich II] gave away Villa Trakoscan and 30 royal estates to Count William [Wilhelm] of Savinja, older son of his niece, the Carinthian Princess Emma of Friesach and Zeltschach, on April 16th, 1015, in Bamberg. The Emperor also gave the Count all that he possessed in William's Margraviate, situated between the rivers Sava, Savinja, Sutla, and Mirna. William's mother Hemma was born in 983 at Peilenstein castle, as the daughter of Engelbert von Peilenstein, and wife Tuta. She was raised in the palace of Emperor Henry II and his wife (Saint) Cunigunde, and was married to William II of Friesach, Zeltschach and Truxen. After both of her sons were murdered (in 1030), and then her husband (in 1036), Hemma founded a large number of churches, the women's Benedictine
monastery at Gurk and enabled the founding of the Gurk Diocese. She gave away a large number of her estate properties to the Salzburg Bishop Baldwin for founding the Benedictine monastery at
Admont. Hemma’s remains were buried in the new crypt of the Gurk Cathedral in 1174. She was beatified in 1287, and canonised in 1938, although the process of being declared a saint began as far
back as the middle of the 15th century. Castle Trakoscan is not mentioned among the castles she gave away to the Gurk Diocese. She died on St Peter's and Paul's day, but her feast day is celebrated
two days earlier, on June 27th. Saint Hemma is the patron of pregnant women, the blind, and the immobile. Her attributes are the rose and the cathedral, and sometimes a charter she holds in her
hands. Slovenes, Austrians, and Germans venerate her as their saint. After the death of her husband William II, Hemma’s relative, Count Askuin Plain becomes the Savinja Margrave. He is succeeded by
his son Starhand I, who is succeeded by Starhand II, whose brothers were Ulrich, Werigand, and Bernard. Starhand II loses his Margraviate to Pilgrim of Hohenwart, following a military campaign.
The Savinja Margraviate was once again taken over by Pilgrim after a short reign of his son Ginter.
After Pilgrim’s death, Emperor Conrad III gives away the Margraviate to Ottokar I of Styria, in 1149. By this act Celje was officially united with Styria. In 1341, in Munich, Emperor Louis IV appointed
Miroslav (Friedrich) of Savinja as the first count of Celje. The Celje counts will reign for 115 years. After the death of the last Celje count Ulrich II in 1456, the Celje counts’ estates are divided. The
Czech nobleman Jan Vitovec becomes the captain of the Celje County. By the Emperor’s will he acquires Krapina in 1459, and the Zagorje County a year later. Among others, the Emperor allotted
several Croatian settlements to Katarina, widow of Ulrich II, while the remaining settlements, squares and towns possessed by the Celje counts and situated in the Croatian area were returned to
the Croatian Crown. Trakoscan (Trakenstein) is mentioned among those.
Ključne riječi
Carinthian princess (St.) Hemma of Gurk and her son Count William; Emperor (St.) Henry II’s deed of gift (Bamberg, April 16th, 1015); the Trakoscan villa and 30 royal village estates; Lower
Hrčak ID:
234327
URI
Datum izdavanja:
30.12.2019.
Posjeta: 1.873 *