Izvorni znanstveni članak
https://doi.org/10.22586/pp.v39i58.9210
On Alcoholism and Anti-Alcohol Measures in the Triune Kingdom during the Early 20th Century
Iva Salopek Bogavčić
orcid.org/0000-0002-3720-3472
Sažetak
Based on an analysis of archival material, newspapers, and the magazines “New Generation” and “New Life”, the article examines the problem of alcoholism and the beginning of struggle against it before 1914 in the Kingdom of Croatia and Slavonia and the Kingdom of Dalmatia. Modern anti-alcohol action started in the Slavonian area, where the devastating consequences of drinking alcoholic beverages were observed on many occasions. The custom of drinking alcoholic beverages had been present there since old times due to tradition, hard work, and agricultural crops, but it was only with the grapevine diseases and the industrial production of alcoholic beverages that the fragile balance in the moderation of drinking was disturbed. The problem of excessive consumption of alcohol and its harmful consequences for individuals and the society alike was diagnosed almost simultaneously by Fran Gudrum Oriovčanin, Nikola Đurić, and Andrija Štampar, who critically identified the problem and indicated its seriousness in numerous scholarly publications, also launching two magazines on the subject. As early as 1904, Fran Gudrum Oriovčanin wrote about the harmfulness of alcoholic beverages and in 1906, together with Nikola Đurić, he launched the first anti-alcohol magazine and developed a program to combat alcoholism. The article examines the emergence of the earliest abstinence societies, the social stereotypes about alcohol, and the first statistical evaluations of the impact of alcoholism on the society. The foundations for the Society of Abstainers in the Kingdom of Croatia and Slavonia were laid as early as 1906, but its formal activities started only in 1912. The Society based its work on the insights of modern science and statistics, trying to change the stereotypes and popular customs in cooperation with the social elite by publishing articles, leaflets, and brochures, organizing subsidiary branches and lectures. The culmination of the Society’s activities was an anti-alcohol exhibition held in 1914 at the Art Pavilion in Zagreb, as well as participation of a Croatian representative at the 4th Austrian Anti-Alcohol Congress in Brno. The Society approached alcoholism as a disease of individuals, families, and communities that must be cured with the participation of all partakers and interested parties, thus confirming that its anti-alcohol policy before World War I was in line with the progressive European anti-alcohol tendencies.
Ključne riječi
alcohol; alcoholism; Anti-Alcohol Measures; Andrija Štampar; Fran Gudrum Oriovčanin
Hrčak ID:
241063
URI
Datum izdavanja:
6.7.2020.
Posjeta: 2.398 *