Izvorni znanstveni članak
https://doi.org/10.17018/portal.2020.2
Church of St. Julian in Šibenik: Historical Phases and Typology
Krasanka Majer Jurišić
orcid.org/0000-0003-3157-9230
; Hrvatski restauratorski zavod, Odsjek za konzervatorsku dokumentaciju nepokretne baštine, Zagreb, Hrvatska
Ivana Hirschler Marić
orcid.org/0000-0003-3157-9230
; Hrvatski restauratorski zavod, Odjel za kopnenu arheologiju, Zagreb, Hrvatska
Sažetak
The first written source mentioning the church of St. Julian in Šibenik is from the third quarter of the 14th century, when it is cited as ecclesia sancti Iuliani, and it had the altar of St. Michael. In the 15th century, another church was built on top of this one: the church of St. Nicholas, as evidenced by the visit made by Canon Juraj Šižgorić in 1481. On 17 March 1569, by decision of the Senate of the Republic of Venice, the church was given to the Greek Orthodox Church. It was decorated in accordance with the regulations of the Eastern Church, an altar with the icon of the Mother of God was placed in the apse, and it was consecrated on the day of the Assumption, so the documents also called it Madonna di S. Giuliano. Burials in the church were recorded from that period. Altars of St. Michael and St. Julian, located on the side wall of the church, were still maintained, and Catholic Mass was served until 1807. From 1778, the condition of the church gradually deteriorated, but it was still used. During the French administration in Šibenik at the beginning of the 19th century, it served as a warehouse. On 25 July 1875, the endowment holder Ivan Belamarić renounced his right to the Catholic part of the church in favour of the Orthodox community of Šibenik. The altar of St. Michael disappeared at that time, while the painting of Our Lady may have been moved to a niche on the outside of the sanctuary. The upper church was given by the Serbian Orthodox Church to the Old Catholic Church in 1931, and worship was held there until World War II, and the "Nova štamparija" printing house was located on the ground floor. In 1943, the church was significantly damaged in the Allied bombing of Šibenik.
Conservation, restoration and archaeological research conducted in 2019 offered insight into the historical overview of events and helped define individual phases. The elements that belonged to the oldest (medieval) phase, then to the period before the middle of the 15th century – when the church was built in its present form as a two-storey building – as well as the related architecturally carved parts, are clearly defined. At the same time, material evidence of the continuity of use of the building was collected, along with written records that clarified its history. The preconditions were achieved for the future use of the church of St. Julian, valorising its affiliation to the small typological circle of double churches on our coast, as well as for the continuity of its existence and the holding of different masses in one place, intertwining different rites and religions over several centuries.
Ključne riječi
Šibenik; St. Julian; St. Nicholas; 14th century; Latin and Greek rites; double church
Hrčak ID:
250619
URI
Datum izdavanja:
20.12.2020.
Posjeta: 1.685 *