Pregledni rad
AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION (AMD), SUPPLEMENTS AND NUTRITION - WHAT DOES THE EVIDENCE TELL US?
Nejra Hodžić
orcid.org/0000-0002-0083-9100
; Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Center PlavaPoliklinika, 3.Tuzlanske brigade 7, 75000 Tuzla, Bosnia & Herzegovina
Daniela Kenjerić
; Department of Food and Nutrition Research, Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, FranjeKuhača 18, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
Zumra Hodžić
; Department of Family Medicine, Health Care Center, Kulinabana bb, 75300 Lukavac, Bosnia & Herzegovina
Amra Nadarević-Vodenčarević
; Department of Ophthalmology, University Clinical Center, Trnovac bb, 75000 Tuzla, Bosnia & Herzegovina
Sažetak
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a disease of the macular area and is the most common cause of irreversible vision loss in people over 50 years of age. Many AMD risk factors, including aging, smoking, exposure to UV and blue light, chronic inflammation, and improper diet, can be associated with oxidative stress. In this regard, certain food ingredients and supplements that have antioxidant properties may contribute to the prevention of AMD and it's progression. Polyphenols can be considered as preventive and therapeutic compounds in the prevention of diseases associated with aging due to the antioxidant properties. For example, quercetin, present in onions, improves anti-VEGF therapy, which is the only effective drug for the wet form of AMD, while resveratrol, found in grape skin, red wine, blueberries and mulberries, neutralizes the negative effects of anti-VEGF therapy. Blueberry anthocyanins have a protective effect on induced damage of retina caused by blue light. Carotenoids that are part of the macular pigment; lutein and zeaxanthin, found in leafy green vegetables and eggs, have the ability to filter light ("natural sunglasses"), but also have direct antioxidant properties. Zinc and copper homeostasis in the retina-choroid complex also play a role in retinal health and AMD prevention. Adequate intake of omega-3 fatty acids, which are found in blue fish, nuts and seeds, reduces the risk of progression to the late stage of AMD. Oxidative stress can be exacerbated by improper diet, and thus increase the possibility of the occurrence and progression of AMD, which is why during the eye examination of persons at risk, it is necessary to advise on proper nutrition and appropriate supplementation.
Ključne riječi
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD); oxidative stress; antioxidants; supplements; nutrition
Hrčak ID:
261764
URI
Datum izdavanja:
23.7.2021.
Posjeta: 784 *