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LEOPOLD KOLLONIĆ (1631–1707) – A CARDINAL OF CROATIAN ORIGIN AND HIS ECCLESIASTICAL AND POLITICAL AGENCY
PETER SEDLÁK
Sažetak
The basis of this article is used from the historical sources and from the published printed literature. The author is writing about cardinal and archhishop of Esztergom Leopold Kollonić. His adscendentes were Croats from Kollegrad. In the 16th century they moved to Austria. The most important from them was Sigfried Kollonić, who participated in the battle with Turks near Vienna in the year 1529 and he became the chairman of the court chamber of Hungary. Also his descendants were notable soldiers, the big brass in the imperial army. Parents of cardinal Leopold, Ernest Kollonić and Anna Alžbeta Küfstein, restrained the most in Komárno, in spite of the fact that Kollonićs owned in Slovakia the properties in Rača and Veľké Leváre County. Leopold´s father was the captain of anti-turkish fortress Komárno and that is the reason why Leopold was born in this town, which is today situated in the teritory of Slovakia, on 26th October 1631. His father died in the year 1639, and he became fatherless in the age of eight. He got to the Vienna court as a young fosterling of Jesuits in Komárno and in the year 1651 he entered in the knight order of Johanits
– knights of Malta. He participated in the battles against the Turks in Dardanelly and in zhe island Creta. By right of merit he became a castellan of Malta, later he became a prior of Johanits in Czech town Cheb and in Austrian town Mailburg. However he left the knight
way of life and he began working for the offi ces of empor Leopold I. Besides the fact that he was the president of the court chamber of Hungary he accepted the clerical benefi ts. That is the reason why he was studying the theology in Vienna and he was consecrated
for the priest. In the years 1666–1669 he was a bishop in the Slovak town Nitra, then in Wienerneustadt, Raab (Győr), Kalocsa and fi nally he became a metropolitan of Esztergom and a primate of Hungary in the years 1695–1707. As a politician he participated on all-important activities Vienna court and he was the cocreator of the emperor´s politics. After the routing Turks out from Hungary, he with the team of fellow workers created the work »Einrichtungswerk« – about the restoration and the colonization of the country, but the work was realized just partly. He was strict towards to Protestants and a strong re-catholic of the Hungary Church. He was awarded in the defense of Vienna against the Turks in the year 1683. At this time he showed his social feelings. As the archbishop of Esztergom he reserved for the union of the Orthodox Serbs, Rumens, Walachians and Rutens with the Catholic Church. He supported the introduction of the votaries into the towns in Hungary (Jesuits, Carmelites, Trinitars), constituted the new parishes, supported the construction of the new and the repairing of the churches destroyed by Turks, built the schools, the poorhouses and the hospitals. He died in Vienna 20th January 1707; he is buried in Bratislava, in Jesuits Church of Saint Salvatore.
Ključne riječi
roatian Nobility; Cardinal Leopold Kollonić; Church and State Politics in 17-th and 18-th cent
Hrčak ID:
24618
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Datum izdavanja:
28.12.2007.
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