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The Change of the Stem/Gender of the Noun Glad ‘Hunger, Famine’ in the History of the Serbian Language
Jurica Budja
orcid.org/0000-0002-1787-5108
; Institut za hrvatski jezik i jezikoslovlje, Zagreb, Hrvatska
Sažetak
The noun glad ‘hunger, famine’ is an i-stem feminine noun in the Shtokavian-based standard languages (Serbian, Montenegrin, Bosnian, Croatian), whereas in other Slavic languages it is an o-stem masculine noun, as was in earlier stages of Shtokavian languages. Since historical data strongly suggest that the change did not take occur in Croatian, we conducted a corpus-based study of the change using a statistically significant sample of older non-Croatian Shtokavian texts. We divided the texts into two subcorpora, one of the non-printed texts such as notes and inscriptions, occasional by nature, and the other of printed texts, i. e. books (limited to the Serb community of southern Hungary and of Trieste in Italy), covering the period up to the year 1830. (plus texts that were published after 1830. by authors who had published their first text before 1830.). We displayed the data chronologically. In the subcorpus of printed texts, we arranged the attestations by grammatical case.
Our research aimed to:
a) capture the time of inception and the time of completion of the change
b)determine the area where the change occurred
c) find out whether it affected all grammatical cases simultaneously or only individually and gradually, case by case.
The tentative conclusions we have reached are:
a) first reliable attestations of the i-stem feminine form can be traced back to the last third of the 16th and the first third of the 17th century; the i-stem feminine form became the dominant form, at least in the Serb community of southern Hungary, in the first decades of the 19th century, although the o-stem masculine form does persist for a few more decades
b) the change of stem/gender first appeared somewhere in the south of the non-Croatian shtokavian area (Kosovo and Metohija, southeastern part of Sandžak, Montenegrin Highlands)
c) the first grammatical case to be affected by the change appears to be genitive case, probably in the collocation umr(ij)eti od glada ‘to die of hunger’; the last one appears to be the instrumental case.
Ključne riječi
diachrony; double-gender nouns; gender change; glad; Serbian; stem change
Hrčak ID:
268243
URI
Datum izdavanja:
27.12.2021.
Posjeta: 999 *