Sjemenarstvo, Vol. 33 No. 1-2, 2022.
Pregledni rad
https://doi.org/10.33128/s1.33.1-2.3
Tradition of industrial hemp production in Croatia
Ivana Varga
orcid.org/0000-0003-2985-8599
; Fakultet agrobiotehničkih znanosti Sveučilište Josipa Jurja Strossmayera u Osijeku, Osijek, Hrvatska
Ivan Kraus
orcid.org/0000-0002-4479-1487
; Građevinaki i arhitektonski fakultet Osijek,Sveučilište Josipa Jurja Strossmayera u Osijeku, Osijek, Hrvatska
Dario Iljkić
orcid.org/0000-0003-4039-7447
; Fakultet agrobiotehničkih znanosti Sveučilište Josipa Jurja Strossmayera u Osijeku, Osijek, Hrvatska
Anita Jonjić
; Fakultet agrobiotehničkih znanosti Sveučilište Josipa Jurja Strossmayera u Osijeku, Osijek, Hrvatska
Manda Antunović
; Fakultet agrobiotehničkih znanosti Sveučilište Josipa Jurja Strossmayera u Osijeku, Osijek, Hrvatska
Sažetak
The production of industrial hemp was primary for fiber extraction. In Croatia in the first half of the 20th century approximately occupied between 8,000 and 12,000 hectares. The largest sown areas were in 1949 when industrial hemp was grown on about 21,000 ha. In the 1960s, industrial hemp was grown on an average of 7,165 ha, with an average yield of dry stem 5.81 t ha-1 and 0.88 t ha-1 of fiber. In the next decade (1970-79) areas were reduced to 2,331 ha and even less, in 1980s harvested area reduced to 1,131 ha. Even the areas was reduced, the stem yield increase up to 8.79 t ha-1 (1980-89). In the 1990s production of industrial hemp for fiber extraction in Croatia was gradually abandoned. According to statistical data, the last areas under industrial hemp intended for fiber extraction were in 1995 on only 30 hectares. In Slavonia and Baranja in the first half of the 20th century larger hemp factories were in Vukovar, Vladislavci, Osijek and Darda and in the second half of the 20th century in Viškovci and Črnkovci. The factory in Črnkovci was active for the longest time (until 90‘s). Revitalization of industrial hemp production in Croatia began in 2012, when is primarily grown because of the seeds from which the oil is extracted. By changing the law in Croatia, from 2019 it is allowed to use the whole plant, which will certainly lead to the development of new products and expand the interest of farms in the production and processing of industrial hemp.
Ključne riječi
industrial hemp; processing; Croatia; production; fiber
Hrčak ID:
296752
URI
Datum izdavanja:
30.3.2023.
Posjeta: 622 *