Bibliotečko-informacijske usluge za osobe s invaliditetom u visokoškolskim bibliotekama na primjeru Biblioteke Univerziteta u Sarajevu – Filozofskog fakulteta

1. Uvod

Biblioteke su prostori stjecanja znanja i pronalaženja informacija, a kao ustanove koje njeguju intelektu­alne slobode i neometan pristup informacijama, na raspolaganju su svim članovima društvene zajednice. Visokoškolske biblioteke pružaju usluge koje su pod­loga neometanom provođenju naučne i nastavne dje­latnosti akademske zajednice. Suština bibliotečkog poslovanja je zadovoljavanje informacijskih potreba korisnika/ica, stoga je u bibliotekama nužna orga­nizacija adekvatne usluge za sve skupine korisnika/ ica, uključujući korisnike/ice s invaliditetom. Viso­koškolske biblioteke su dužne osigurati uvjete za ostvarivanje načela jednakosti i pravednosti, slobode mišljenja i izražavanja, transparentnosti i povjerljivo­sti. Bitna sastavnica visokoškolskog djelovanja je i konstantno usavršavanje, to jest cjeloživotno učenje visokoškolskih bibliotekara/ki. Pojavom i sve većim razvojem informacijske tehnologije otvaraju se nove mogućnosti za razvoj biblioteka, ali i lakše i kvalitet­nije zadovoljavanje potreba korisnika/ica biblioteka, uključujući korisnike/ice s invaliditetom.

1. Introduction

Libraries are spaces for acquiring knowledge and finding information and as institutions that foster in- tellectual freedom and unrestricted access to informa- tion, they are available to all members of the social community. Academic libraries provide services that are the basis for the seamless implementation of sci- entific and teaching activities in the academic com- munity. The essence of the library business is to meet users’ information needs; therefore, it is necessary to organize adequate library services for all groups of users, including users with disabilities. Academic libraries are obliged to ensure the conditions for real- izing the principles of equality and justice, freedom of thought and expression, transparency, and confi- dentiality. An essential component of an academic activity is constant training, that is, lifelong learning of academic librarians. The emergence and increas- ing development of information technology opens up new opportunities for the development of libraries, but also easier and better satisfaction of the needs of library users, including users with disabilities.

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Visokoškolske biblioteke treba prepoznati kao kapi­talni prostor iz kojeg se može utjecati na podizanje svijesti, bibliotekara/ki i knjižničara/ki, studenata/ ica, profesora/ica i ostalih korisnika/ica biblioteč- kog fonda, koji svi zajedno trebaju kreirati nediskri- minatornu atmosferu prema osobama s invalidite­tom. Biblioteka u ovom pogledu ima najznačajniji zadatak, a to je pružanje slobodnog pristupa infor­macijama osobama s invaliditetom na onom stepe- nu kvaliteta koji je omogućen ostalim članovima korisnicima/icama biblioteke, a uz uvažavanje spe­cifičnosti njihovih potreba i invaliditeta.

Visokoškolska biblioteka može biti univerzitetska i fakultetska. “Univerzitetska biblioteka prikuplja, stručno obrađuje i daje na korištenje građu i in­formacije neophodne za odvijanje i unapređivanje nastavno-naučnog procesa i naučno-istraživačkog rada na univerzitetu, koordinira rad fakultetskih biblioteka u okviru univerziteta i povezuje ih u si­stem, ostvaruje saradnju sa srodnim bibliotekama u inostranstvu, pohranjuje i čuva doktorske radove i magistarske radove odbranjene na univerzitetu.” (Mihaliček, 2002). Prema definiciji Aleksandre Vraneš, funkcije i zadaci biblioteka na univerzitetu, odnosno fakultetskih biblioteka, jesu podrška na­stavnom i istraživačkom procesu u okviru naučnih disciplina koje se izučavaju na univerzitetu. Iz ove funkcije proističu svi njeni zadaci, među kojima su tri osnovna: popunjavanje, obrada bibliotečkih fon­dova i rad s korisnicima. (Vraneš, 2004).

Na osnovu zbirki i organizacije usluge visokoškol­ske biblioteke se mogu podijeliti na dva tipa: op- ćeznanstveni i specijalni. Univerzitetska biblioteka je općeznanstvenog tipa, a fakultetske ili biblioteke umjetničkih akademija su specijalnog tipa jer sadr­žajem svojih zbirki unapređuju rad matičnog odsje­ka. Oba tipa visokoškolskih biblioteka u Evropskom prostoru podliježu “zahtjevima visokog obrazova­nja u sklopu Bolonjske deklaracije, a oni su: fleksi­bilnost, interdisciplinarnost, kreativnost i doživotno učenje” (Jovović, 2010). Bibliotečko-informacijske usluge za slijepe i slabovidne korisnike/ice u Bibli­oteci Filozofskog fakulteta u Sarajevu su u nasta­janju i podrazumijevaju ravnopravnu uključenost (inkluziju) osoba s invaliditetom u obrazovni pro­ces, povećavajući tako šanse slijepih i slabovidnih studenata/ica za uspješno studiranje, ravnopravno uključivanje u tržište rada i osamostaljivanje, dopri­noseći tako većoj kvaliteti života slijepih i slabovid- nih studenata/ica.

Academic libraries should be recognized as a cap- ital space from which it is possible to influence the awareness raising of librarians, library technicians, students, professors and other users of the library fund, who together should create a non-discrimina- tory atmosphere towards people with disabilities. In this regard, the library has the most important task, which is to provide free access to information to persons with disabilities at the level of quality that is provided to other members of the library’s users, while respecting the specificity of their needs and disabilities.

An academic library can be a library of the universi- ty or faculty. “The University Library collects, pro- cesses, and lends the library materials and informa- tion necessary for the functioning and advancement of teaching and scientific processes and research and teaching processes at the university, coordinates the work of faculty libraries under the university, links them into the system, implements cooperation with fellow libraries abroad, stores and preserves doctoral and master thesis defended at the univer- sity.” (Mihaliček, 2002). According to the definition by Aleksandra Vraneš, the functions and tasks of university libraries, i.e. faculty libraries, are support to the teaching and research process under scientific disciplines that are studied at the university. All its tasks arise from this function, including three basic tasks: completing and processing the library funds and working with the users. (Vraneš, 2004).

Based on the collections and organization of ser- vices, the academic library can be divided into two types: general scientific and special. The university library is of the general scientific type, and the fac- ulty or art academy libraries are of the special type because the content of their collections improves the work of the parent department. Both types of ac- ademic libraries in the European area are subject “to the demands of higher education within the Bolo- gna Declaration, and they are: flexibility, interdisci- plinarity, creativity, and lifelong learning” (Jovović, 2010). Library and information services for blind and visually impaired users in the Library of the Faculty of Philosophy in Sarajevo are in the mak- ing and imply the equal involvement (inclusion) of persons with disabilities in the educational process, thus increasing the chances of blind and visually impaired students for successful studies, equal in- clusion in the labour market and independence, thus contributing to a higher quality of life for blind and visually impaired students.

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Cilj ovog rada jeste na osnovu odabranih IFLA-inih smjernica za osobe s invaliditetom, kao teorijske osnove, ponuditi detaljnu analizu razvoja postojećih usluga za osobe s invaliditetom Biblioteke Filozof­skog fakulteta u Sarajevu, fizičkog pristupa zgradi i Biblioteci Filozofskog fakulteta u Sarajevu, pristupa građi, sadržajima i uslugama, te na tom tragu prepo­znati i mogućnosti daljnjeg poboljšanja usluživanja slijepih i slabovidnih korisnika/ice Biblioteke.

2. Metodologija

Kao uzorak za ovo istraživanje odabrana je Biblio­teka Univerziteta u Sarajevu - Filozofskog fakulteta kako bi se analizirale usluge koje Biblioteka nudi slijepim i slabovidnim studentima/icama, počev­ši od definicije invaliditeta Konvencije Ujedinje­nih naroda o pravima osoba s invaliditetom, koja u Članu 1 definira osobe s invaliditetom kao osobe s dugotrajnim fizičkim, mentalnim, intelektualnim ili osjetilnim oštećenjima, koje u interakciji s različi­tim barijerama mogu ometati njihovo puno i djelo­tvorno sudjelovanje u društvu ravnopravno s ostalim članovima tog društva (UN, 2006). Istu definiciju koristi i IFLA-in Pojmovnik stručnih izraza, Sekcija za knjižnične usluge za osobe s posebnim potreba­ma, u Pojmovniku stručnih izraza i definicija, koji obrađuje sve pojmove u vezi s korisnicima/icama s invaliditetom. Pojmovnik UN-ovu definiciju osoba s invaliditetom kao osoba koje imaju fizička, osjetilna ili mentalna oštećenja nadopunjava razlikom između naziva “osoba s oštećenjima”, “osoba s teškoćama” i “hendikepirani” (IFLA, 2013). IFLA-ine smjernice Pristup knjižnicama za osobe sa invaliditetom pola­ze od okruženja biblioteke, njenog fizičkog prostora, do pristupa građi i uslugama. U radu se tematiziraju i smjernice Biblioteke za slijepe u informacijskom dobu: Smjernice za razvoj službi i usluga, koje do­nose pregled svih značajnih aspekata bibliotečko- informacijskih usluga za slijepe osobe, od njihova historijskog razvoja, zakonskih i strateških okvira o kojima takve usluge neposredno ovise, do korisnika/ ica, osoblja te razvoja i upravljanja zbirkama i uslu­gama. U radu su prikazani i primjeri dobrih prak­si usluživanja slijepih i slabovidnih korisnika/ica u Evropi, također se predstavljaju i prakse biblioteka u razvijenim evropskim zemljama i neki izazovi s ko­jima se susreću zemlje u razvoju, odnosno tranziciji. Kada su bibliotečko-informacijske usluge visokoš­kolskih biblioteka za korisnike/ice s invaliditetom u pitanju, IFLA-ine smjernice Biblioteke za slijepe u informacijskom dobu: Smjernice za razvoj služ-

Bećirović

The goal of this work is to offer, based on the se- lected IFLA’s guidelines for people with disabilities as theoretical fundamentals, detailed analysis of the development of existing services for people with disabilities of the Library of the Faculty of Philoso- phy in Sarajevo, physical access to the building and the Library of the Faculty of Philosophy in Sara­jevo, access to the building, contents and services, and on that track identify opportunities for further improvement of services for blind and visually im- paired users of the Library.

2. Methodology

As a sample for this research, the Library of the University of Sarajevo - Faculty of Philosophy was selected to analyse the services that the Library offers to blind and partially sighted students start- ing from the definition of disability in the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, which in Article 1 defines persons with disabilities as persons who have long-term physi- cal, mental, intellectual or sensory impairments, which in interaction with various barriers may hin- der their full and effective participation in society on an equal basis with others (UN, 2006). The same definition is used by IFLA’s Glossary of Terms of Services to People with Special Needs Section in the Glossary of Terms and Definitions which covers all terms related to users with disabilities. The glossary complements the UN definition of persons with dis- abilities as persons with physical, sensory, or mental impairments by distinguishing between the names “person with an impairment”, “person with a disa- bility” and “person with a handicap” (IFLA, 2013). IFLA Access to libraries for persons with disabili- ties guidelines start from the library’s environment, its physical space, to access to materials and servic- es. The paper also discusses the guidelines of the Library for the blind in the information age: Guide- lines for the development of functions and services that provide an overview of all significant aspects of library and information services for blind people, from their historical development, legal and strate- gic frameworks on which such services directly de- pend, to users, staff and development and manage- ment of collections and services. Examples of good practices in serving blind and partially sighted users in Europe are also presented in the paper, as well as the practices of libraries in developed European countries, and some challenges faced by developing and transition countries.

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bi i usluga u deset poglavlja tematiziraju izazove bibliotečko-informacijskog usluživanja slijepih i slabovidnih osoba. Smjernice u tom smislu najprije tematiziraju brojna značajna pravna pitanja i po­sebne licence o kojima treba voditi računa u pruža­nju usluga za slijepe i slabovidne korisnike/ice. Na­kon toga tematiziraju se čitalačke potrebe različitih tipova korisnika/ica te usluge koje je neophodno pružiti ovim grupama korisnika/ica. Smjernice te- matiziraju i informacijske potrebe slijepih i slabo- vidnih korisnika/ica, naglašavaju značaj saradnje i umrežavanja u usluživanju ovih korisnika/ica. Veliku pažnju potom posvećuju izgradnji zbirke i međubibliotečkoj pozajmici, pristupu zbirkama, odnosno promjeni i proizvodnji formata za slijepe i slabovidne osobe. Jedan dio posvećen je uprav­ljanju ovakvim fondovima i njihovoj promociji u zajednici. Na samom kraju donose i plan obuke za osoblje koje rukovodi bibliotekom, knjižničare/ke i bibliotekare/ke te korisnike/ice, sve u cilju osigu­ravanja kvaliteta usluge. Saradnja i razmjena građe i stručnosti predstavljaju suštinu razvoja biblioteč- kih usluga za slijepe i slabovidne osobe. Umrežen pristup je osnova razvoja fondova, usvajanja budu­ćih tehnologija i korištenja građe. Sve biblioteke za slijepe moraju biti svjesne zbirki kojima raspolažu ostale biblioteke i posuđivati naslove koji im nedo­staju iz tih izvora. Visokoškolske biblioteke treba­ju osnaživati svoj rad direktnim povezivanjem sa specijalizovanim ustanovama koje služe slijepim i slabovidnim osobama. Razmjena bibliotečke građe između biblioteka je dugogodišnja praksa i sastav­ni je dio rada svake efikasne bibliotečke usluge. IFLA-ine smjernice Pristup bibliotekama za osobe sa invaliditetom vrlo sažeto tematiziraju pristup fi­zičkom prostoru biblioteka (izvan biblioteke i pri­stup biblioteci), pristup građi i uslugama, kao i po­sebne vrste medija za osobe s invaliditetom, usluge i komunikaciju te saradnju s udruženjima osoba s invaliditetom i pojedincima. Kao posebno značaj­ne, Smjernice tematiziraju i donose preporuke za oblikovanje mrežne stranice biblioteka: Oblikova­nje treba biti logično i lagano za navigaciju; Dječi- je mrežne stranice učiniti pristupačnima; Osigurati softver za uvećavanje teksta, promjenu fonta i kon­trasta, promjenu dužine redova i prostora između redova; Osigurati alternative formate za .pdf i .doc - po mogućnosti neformatirani tekst (.txt); Odvojiti sadržaj od oblikovanja - koristiti stilske predloške (style sheets) za oblikovanje izgleda stranice i po­ložaja elemenata na stranici (layout); Uključiti mo­gućnost pretraživanja na svojim mrežnim stranica­ma; Izbjegavati okvire (frames) i tablice; Izbjega-

When it comes to library and information services of academic libraries for users with disabilities, IFLA guidelines Libraries for the Blind in the Information Age: Guidelines for Development of Functions and Services in ten chapters discuss the challenges of li- brary and information services for blind and visually impaired people. In this regard, the guidelines first discuss several significant legal issues and special licenses that should be addressed when providing services for blind and visually impaired users. Af- ter that, the reading needs of different types of us- ers and the services that must be provided to these groups of users are discussed. The guidelines also address the information needs of blind and visual- ly impaired users, emphasizing the importance of cooperation and networking in serving these users. Great attention is afterward dedicated to building the collection and interlibrary loan, access to collec- tions, i.e. changing and producing formats for blind and visually impaired people. One part is dedicated to the management of such funds and their promo- tion in the community. At the very end, they bring a training plan for the staff who manage the library, library technicians, librarians, and users, intending to ensure the quality of the service. Cooperation and exchange of materials and expertise are the essence of the development of library services for blind and visually impaired people. A networked approach is the basis for the development of funds, the adoption of future technologies, and the use of materials. All libraries for the blind must be aware of the collec- tions held by other libraries and borrow titles they lack from those sources. Academic libraries should strengthen their work by connecting directly with specialized institutions that serve the blind and vis- ually impaired. The exchange of library materials between libraries is a long-standing practice and is an integral part of the work of any efficient library service. IFLA’s Guidelines for Access to Libraries for people with disabilities very concisely discuss access to the physical space of libraries (outside the library and access to the library), access to materials and services, special types of media for people with disabilities, services, and communication, as well as cooperation with associations of people with disa- bilities and individuals. As particularly significant, the Guidelines address and make recommendations for the design of the library website: Design should be logical and easy to navigate; Make children’s webpage accessible; Provide software to enlarge text, change font and contrast, length of lines, and space between lines; Give alternative formats to .pdf and .doc - preferably unformatted text (.txt); Sepa-

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vati pokretne slike i tekst; Koristiti relativne mjere za tekst; Zvučni zapis popratiti tekstom. Elektron­ski sadržaji s mrežnih stranica podložni su promje­nama i pogrešnom tumačenju i mogu biti potpuno netačni. Elektronski sadržaj koji je odabran da bude dio udaljene zbirke treba pažljivo pregledati prije nego što bude ponuđen čitaocima. Izgradnja bibli- otečke zbirke na internetu iziskuje obučenog struč­njaka među osobljem, koji može procijeniti auten­tičnost izvora na mreži. Vrlo važno je također da osoblje može svojim korisnicima/icama ponuditi savjete kako da kritički vrednuju sadržaje. Biblio­teke trebaju razviti strategije angažiranja i poduča­vanja korisnika/ica.

Osposobljavanje korisnika/ica za primjenu novih usluga i novih tehnologija od ključne je važnosti. Biblioteke moraju upoznati korisnike/ice o novim uslugama i promjenama u postojećim. Web-strani- ca biblioteke također može biti efikasan prostor za upoznavanje korisnika/ica s novim uslugama i uvo­đenje u te usluge. Bitno je naglasiti da je biblioteč- ko osoblje odgovorno za dostupnost informacija o knjižnoj i neknjižnoj građi te bi kao takvo trebalo biti osposobljeno za pružanje pomoći svim korisni- cima/icama, uključujući i osobe s invaliditetom.

Biblioteke za slijepe u informacijskom dobu: Smjer­nice za razvoj službi i usluga naglašavaju da viso­koškolske i školske biblioteke trebaju biti od koristi i u službi učenicima/icama i studentima/icama to­kom cjelokupnog obrazovanja i školovanja, te da je slijepim i slabovidnim korisnicima/icama potrebna građa na odgovarajućem mediju kako bi uspješno pratili nastavni plan i program. Kada je riječ o gra­đi, neophodno je da ključna literatura, ali i građa potrebna za istraživački rad, ili pak druga vrsta gra­đe koju žele čitati, bude dostupna. Slijepi i slabo- vidni korisnici/ce ovise o fleksibilnosti biblioteka, odnosno saradnji s drugim bibliotekama koje mogu obezbijediti međubibliotečku pozajmicu. Bibliote­ke, kako visokoškolske tako i školske, trebaju imati razvijenu nabavnu politiku u obezbjeđivanju knjiga u traženom formatu kako bi se omogućio pristup informacijama za slijepe i slabovidne korisnike/ice. Slijepi i slabovidni učenici/ce i studenti/ice koji se obrazuju od osnovne škole do postdiplomskog stu­dija imaju istu želju i potrebu za udžbenicima i do­datnom građom za čitanje kao i oni koji čitaju bez poteškoća.

Bećirović

rate contents from design - use style sheets to guide presentation and layout; Include search capability on your website; Avoid frames and tables; Avoid mov- ing figures and texts; Use relative measurements for text; Accompany audio with text. Electronic content from websites is subject to change and misinterpre- tation and may be completely inaccurate. Electronic content, which is selected to be part of remote collec- tions, should be carefully reviewed before being of- fered to readers. Building a library collection on the Internet requires a trained professional among staff who can assess the authenticity of online sources. It is also very important that the staff can offer their us- ers advice on how to critically evaluate the content. Libraries should develop strategies for engaging and educating users. Training users for the applica- tion of new services and new technologies is of key importance. Libraries must inform users about new services and changes in existing ones. The library’s website can also be an effective space for introduc- ing users to new services and implementing them to these services. It is important to emphasize that the library staff is responsible for the availability of in- formation about book and non-book materials, and as such should be trained to assist all users, including people with disabilities.

The Libraries for the Blind in the Information Age: guidelines for the development of functions and ser- vices emphasize that academic and school libraries should be of use to pupils and students during their entire education and training, and that blind and visually impaired users need materials in an appro- priate media to successfully follow the curriculum. When it comes to the materials, it is necessary that the key literature, but also the materials needed for the research work, or another type of materials that they want to read, be available. Blind and visually impaired users depend on the flexibility of librar- ies, i.e. cooperation with other libraries that can provide interlibrary loans. Libraries, both academic and school, should have a developed procurement policy in providing books in the required format to enable access to information for blind and visually impaired users. Blind and visually impaired pupils and students, who are in education from elementary school to postgraduate studies, have the same desire and need for textbooks and additional reading mate- rial as those who can read without difficulty.

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Bosna i Hercegovina je 2010. godine ratificirala Konvenciju Ujedinjenih nacija o pravima osoba s invaliditetom te se time obavezala na provedbu i po­štivanje svih članova i načela propisanih Konven­cijom. Ovim potpisivanjem započeo je dugoročni proces unapređivanja zakonske i socijalne politike prema osobama sa svim stepenima invaliditeta. Za­kon o zabrani diskriminacije u Bosni i Hercegovini, u skladu s Ustavom Bosne i Hercegovina i međuna­rodnim standardima koji se odnose na ljudska prava i temeljne slobode, utvrdio je odgovornosti i zako­nodavne obaveze te omogućio zaštitu, promicanje i stvaranje uslova za jednako postupanje prema oso­bama s invaliditetom. Iako se ljudska prava stječu pri samom rođenju osobe i kao takva su zagaranto- vana svima kao neotuđiva i univerzalna, još uvijek su mnogim osobama s invaliditetom teško ostvariva u raznim segmentima života.

Kako bi se slijepim i slabovidnim osobama omogu­ćio pristup visokom obrazovanju, osim poštivanja pravnog okvira potrebno im je pružiti informacije na adekvatan način te je potrebno educirati akadem­sku zajednicu, kako profesore/ice, tako i studente/ ice, o osobama s invaliditetom kako bi se izbjegla moguća diskriminacija, što se najlakše postiže kroz različite programe, projekte i radionice. Međutim, postojeća istraživanja u literaturi ukazuju na brojne praktične poteškoće u pružanju bibliotečko-infor- macijskih usluga za korisnike/ice s invaliditetom, slijepe i slabovidne korisnike/ice u visokoškolskim bibliotekama, pogotovo u zemljama u razvoju i tranziciji, a ponegdje i u razvijenim zemljama.

Tako, naprimjer, autori Yemisi T. Babalola i Yacob Haliso u svojoj analizi bibliotečkih usluga za slijepe i slabovidne korisnike/ice u visokoškolskim biblio­tekama u Nigeriji otkrivaju da niti jedna anketira­na biblioteka nema knjigu na Brajevom pismu niti asistivnu tehnologiju. Jedino što su biblioteke imale su audioknjige, koje nisu nabavljane za slijepe i sla- bovidne studente/ice, nego su to bile audioverzije udžbenika, koje su dolazile uz udžbenike, pa autori donose preporuke za saradnju između biblioteke, vlade i nevladinih organizacije u nabavci građe i opreme za slijepe i slabovidne korisnike/ice. (Baba- lola i Haliso, 2011)

Doktorska disertacija Anne Khachatryan iz 2014. godine pod nazivom Digital services to patrons with disabilities offered at the National Library of Arme- nia: challenges and measures taken propitivala je di-

2. Library and information services for users with disabilities in academic libraries in the world, the region, and Bosnia and Herzegovina

In 2010, Bosnia and Herzegovina ratified the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, thereby committing to implementing and compliance with all articles and principles pre- scribed by the Convention. With this signing, the long-term process of improving legal and social policies towards people with all degrees of disabili- ty began. The Law on Prohibition of Discrimination in Bosnia and Herzegovina per the Constitution of Bosnia and Herzegovina and international standards related to human rights and fundamental freedoms, established responsibilities and legislative obliga- tions and enabled the protection, promotion, and creation of conditions for equal treatment of per- sons with disabilities. Although human rights are acquired at the very birth of a person and as such are guaranteed to everyone as innate and universal, for many people with disabilities are still challenging to achieve in various segments of life.

To provide access to academic education to blind and visually impaired people, in addition to respect- ing the legal framework, it is necessary to provide them with information in an appropriate manner, and it is necessary to educate the academic com- munity, both professors and students, about people with disabilities to avoid possible discrimination, which is most easily achieved through various pro- grams, projects, and workshops. However, existing research in the literature points to numerous practi- cal difficulties in providing library and information services for users with disabilities, blind and visual- ly impaired users in academic libraries, especially in developing and transition countries, and some- where also in developed countries.

For example, the authors Yemisi T. Babalola and Yacob Haliso, in their analysis of library services for blind and visually impaired users in academic libraries in Nigeria, reveal that none of the surveyed libraries have books in Braille or assistive technol- ogy. The only thing that libraries had were audio- books that were not acquired for blind and visual- ly impaired students, but they were audio versions of textbooks that came with textbooks, so authors make recommendations for cooperation between li- brary, government, and NGOs in the procurement of materials and of equipment for blind and impaired users. (Babalola & Haliso, 2011)

The doctoral dissertation of Anne Khachatryan from 2014 entitled Digital Services to Patrons with

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gitalne bibliotečke usluge za korisnike/ice s invalidi­tetom u Armeniji na primjeru Nacionalne biblioteke Armenije. Rezultati ove studije zaključuju da Naci­onalna biblioteka Armenije ne pruža jednako građu i usluge korisnicima/icama s invaliditetom zbog nedostatka kontinuiranog finansiranja i tehnologija, nedostatka kvalificiranog osoblja i naslijeđene bibli- otečke infrastrukture. (Khachatryan, 2014)

U sljedećem istraživanju, Silvana Šehić i Sanjica Tanacković Faletar u tekstu pod nazivom Explora- tion of Academic Information Seeking and Library Use of the Blind and Visually Impaired Students in Croatia u septembru 2013. godine istražile su isku­stva slijepih i slabovidnih studenata/ica tokom ob­razovanja u Hrvatskoj. Intervju je obavljen sa šest slijepih i tri slabovidna studenta/ice o pristupu i upotrebi bibliotečkih usluga. Kao najvažnija stvar u obrazovanju ovih ispitanika u rezultatima pokazala se asistivna tehnologija, prema kojoj se biblioteke trebaju orijentirati u smislu njihove nabavke jer su cijene takve opreme skupe za individualnu nabav­ku. Zanimljivo je primijetiti da su rezultati ove stu­dije potvrdili rezultate sličnih studija provedenih u svijetu, a to je da prilagodljiva tehnologija utječe na uspjeh slijepih i slabovidnih studenta/ica. (Šehić i Tanacković Faletar, 2014) Takva istraživanja pred­stavljena su u nastavku.

S druge strane, u razvijenim zemljama svijeta poput Danske, Finske i Švedske, bibliotečke usluge za sli­jepe i slabovidne osobe zagarantovane su posebnim zakonom. Neke od tih zemalja uključuju bibliotečke službe u svoje programe kulturne politike. Biblio­teke za slijepe u informacijskom dobu: Smjernice za razvoj službi i usluga navode sljedeći primjer: “Švedski Zakon o kulturi za sve (iz 1976. godine) navodi da će država osigurati proizvodnju prilago­đene građe i pružanje bibliotečkih usluga osobama koje ne mogu čitati crni tisak. U Finskoj, biblioteč- ke službe su podržane Zakonom o bibliotekama za osobe sa oštećenjem vida, usvojenim 1996. godine.” (IFLA, 2018a). U Kanadi, pod okriljem Kanadskog nacionalnog instituta za slijepe (CNIB - Kanadska biblioteka za slijepe), dopušta se javnim, školskim i visokoškolskim bibliotekama da koriste CNIB-ovu zbirku knjiga u prilagođenom formatu, uz godišnju pretplatu, kako bi i one mogle pružiti direktnu uslu­gu slijepim i slabovidnim korisnicima/icama. Cilj ove usluge je osigurati adekvatan pristup na lokal­nom nivou i obogatiti zbirke dostupne korisnicima/ icama u zajednicama u kojima žive. Dalje, u razvi­jenim zemljama poput Švedske, javne i visokoškol­ske biblioteke odgovorne su za posuđivanje zvučnih knjiga svim osobama koje ne mogu čitati štampane

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disabilities offered at the National Library of Ar- menia: challenges and Measures Taken questioned digital library services for users with disabilities in Armenia using the example of the National Library of Armenia. The results of this study conclude that the National Library of Armenia does not equally provide materials and services to users with disabil- ities due to a lack of continuous funding and tech- nologies, a lack of qualified staff, and an inherited library infrastructure. (Khachatryan, 2014)

In the following research, Silvana Šehić and Sanjica Tanacković Faletar in a text entitled Exploration of Academic Information Seeking and Library Use of the Blind and Visually Impaired Students in Croatia, in September 2013, have examined the experiences of blind and visually impaired students during edu- cation in Croatia. An interview was conducted with six blind and three visually impaired students about access to and use of library services. The results showed assistive technology as the most important thing in the education of these subjects, accord- ing to which libraries should orient themselves in terms of their acquisition because the prices of such equipment are expensive for individual acquisition. It is interesting to note that the results of this study confirmed the results of similar studies conducted around the world - that adaptive technology affects the success of blind and visually impaired students. (Šehić & Tanacković Faletar, 2014) Such research- es are presented hereafter.

On the other hand, in developed countries such as Denmark, Finland, and Sweden, library services for blind and visually impaired persons are guaranteed by special law. Some of these countries include li- brary services in their cultural policy programs. Libraries for Blind in Information Age: Guidelines for Development of Functions and Services: cite the following example: “The Swedish Bill on Culture for All (from 1976) states that the state will ensure the production of adapted materials and the provi- sion of library services to people who cannot read black print. In Finland, library services are support- ed by the Act on the Library for the Visually Im- paired, adopted in 1996.” (IFLA, 2018a). In Can- ada, under the auspices of the Canadian National Institute for the Blind (CNIB) public, school, and academic libraries are allowed to use CNIB’s book collection in an adapted format, with an annual sub- scription, so that they too can provide direct service to blind and visually impaired users. The goal of this service is to ensure adequate access at the local level and to enrich the collections available to users in the communities where they live. Furthermore,

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stvari. Švedska Biblioteka za zvučne knjige i knjige na Brajevom pismu, kao državna ustanova, odgo­vorna je za proizvodnju i katalogizaciju knjiga, kao i usluge posuđivanja knjiga.

IFLA sekcija: Bibliotečke usluge za osobe sa po­sebnim potrebama (LSN) Bibliotečke usluge za osobe koje ne mogu čitati crni tisak (LPD) izdva­jaju nekoliko primjera dobre prakse visokoškolskih biblioteka širom svijeta, naprimjer Univerzitetsku biblioteku Geteborga, koja ima početnu stranicu s informacijama za studente/ice s oštećenjem vida.¹ Sljedeći izdvojeni primjer dobre prakse je Univer­zitetska biblioteka u Edinburgu u Škotskoj koja ima internetsku stranicu za korisnike/ice invali­ditetom koja sadrži informacije o pristupačnosti i informacijskim uslugama, npr. “kako da naprave dokumente, prezentacije i online bibliotečku građu dostupnom, kao i informacije o pomoćnoj tehno­logiji. Svi bibliotekarski dokumenti su dostupni u alternativnim formatima. Postoji niz pomoćnih sof­tvera i hardvera u bibliotekama uključujući speci­fične pakete na svim univerzitetskim računarima.” (IFLA, 2018b) Svake godine se osoblje biblioteke poziva da prisustvuju obuci o invaliditetu; također, Univerzitet ima službu za osobe s invaliditetom koja se bavi individualnim prilagođavanjem građe studentima/icama s invaliditetom, uključujući prila- gođavanje bibliotečke usluge, kao što su duži peri­odi pozajmljivanja, a biblioteka ima službenika za informacije o invaliditetu.²

Kada je bosanskohercegovački kontekst u pitanju, jedno od rijetkih istraživanja, autora Hajdarpašić i Madacki, koje je bilo orijentirano na identificiranje bibliotečko-informacijskih usluga u visokoškol­skim bibliotekama, i to na Univerzitetu u Sarajevu, otkrilo je naprimjer da 58,8% visokoškolskih bibli­oteka ima korisnike/ice s invaliditetom koji se od­nosi na studente/ice s djelimičnim ili kompletnim oštećenjem vida. S tim u vezi rad ovih autora kao temelj poslovanja biblioteka postavlja pristupačnost bibliotečko-informacijskih službi i usluga korisnici- ma/icama s invaliditetom koje trebaju biti u znaku “univerzalnog dizajna”. “Analizirajući prispjele od­govore u tom smislu, sažeto kazano, istraživanje za­ključuje da će upravo opseg koji je šire usmjeren na univerzalni pristup, za razliku od posebnog pristu­pa, uključiti socijalnu pravdu u samo središte bibli- otečko informacijskog obrazovanja.” (Hajdarpašić i Madacki, 2019). Ovo istraživanje pokazalo je kako

in developed countries such as Sweden, public and academic libraries are responsible for lending audi- obooks to all people who cannot read black print. The Audiobook and Braille Library of Sweden, as a state institution, is responsible for the production and book cataloguing, as well as for book lending services.

IFLA sections: Library Services to People with Spe- cial Needs (LSN) Libraries Serving Persons with Print Disabilities (LPD) highlights several exam- ples of good practices of academic libraries around the world, for example, the University Library of Goteborg, which has a home page with information for students with visual impairments.¹

The next highlighted good practice example is the University Library in Edinburgh, Scotland, which has a website for users with disabilities, which con- tains information on accessibility and information services, e.g. “how to make documents, presenta- tions, and online library materials accessible, as well as information about assistive technology. All library documents are available in alternative for- mats. There is a range of support software and hard- ware in the libraries including specific packages on all university computers.” (IFLA, 2018b). Every year, library staff are invited to attend training ses- sions about disability, also, the University has a service for persons with disabilities that deals with individual adaptation of materials to students with disabilities, including adaptation of library services, such as longer loan periods, and the library has an officer for information about disability.²

When it comes to the BH context, one of the rare studies by the authors Hajdarpašić and Madacki, which was oriented towards identifying library and information services in academic libraries, namely at the University of Sarajevo, revealed, for exam- ple, that 58.8% of academic libraries have users with disabilities, which refers to students with par- tial or complete visual impairment. In this regard, the work of these authors sets the accessibility of library and information services and services to users with disabilities as the basis of library opera- tions, which should be characterized by “universal design”. “Analysing the responses received in this regard, in short, the research concludes that the pre- ciseness scope, which is more broadly focused on universal access, as opposed to special access, will include social justice in the very centre of library

¹ See:http://www.ub.gu.se/help/funktion/

² See:https://www.ed.ac.uk/information-services/help-consultancy/ accessibility.

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ipak poneke biblioteke razvijaju bibliotečko-infor- macijske usluge za slijepe i slabovidne korisnike/ ice. Također, u ovom istraživanju pokazuje se osvi- ještenost visokoškolskih bibliotekara/ki o značaju usluživanja korisnika/ica s invaliditetom.

U okviru Tempus projekta “Jednake mogućnosti za studente sa posebnim potrebama u visokom obra­zovanju” realiziranog na Univerzitetu u Sarajevu, u saradnji s još nekoliko Univerziteta u BiH, nastalo je nekoliko dokumenata koji se bave studentima/ icama s invaliditetom, između ostalog i publikacija Studenti sa oštećenjem vida u visokom obrazovanju. Publikacija je namijenjena studentima/icama s ra­zličitim stepenima oštećenja vida, ali i svim drugim studentima/icama koji imaju problema s nekim od očnih oboljenja, ili bi se zbog opterećenja anamneze mogli naći u takvoj situaciji. Također, tekst je na­mijenjen i nastavnom osoblju u radu sa studentima/ icama oštećena vida, koji u svom radu imaju mo­gućnost da se susreću s ovim studentima/icama, te su date osnovne upute za rad i savjeti o prilagođa- vanju nastave, kao i način ostvarivanja adekvatnog kontakta s osobama oštećena vida. (Teskeredžić, Dizdarević i Bratovčić, 2013)

3. Analiza ključnih kategorija

Na osnovu ranije tematiziranih ključnih preporuka odabranih IFLA-inih smjernica, u ovom poglavlju donosi se analiza bibliotečko-informacijskih uslu­ga za korisnike/ice s invaliditetom, analiza usluga za slijepe i slabovidne korisnike/ice, u Biblioteci Univerziteta u Sarajevu - Filozofskog fakulteta. Zastupljenost i usklađenost usluga s preporukama IFLA-inih smjernica analizirana je u sljedećim ra­nije pojašnjenim ključnim kategorijama, koje su iz­dvojene kao osnovne kategorije plana razvoja ovih usluga, odnosno koje se moraju zadovoljiti kako bi biblioteka mogla kvalitetno usluživati korisnike/ice s invaliditetom:

Kada je u pitanju fizički pristup prostorijama Bibli­oteke, ali i samoj zgradi Fakulteta, slijepoj osobi sa

Bećirović

information education.” (Hajdarpašić & Madacki, 2019). This research showed that some libraries still develop library and information services for blind and visually impaired users. Also, this research shows the awareness of academic librarians about the importance of serving users with disabilities.

Within the framework of the TEMPUS project: “Equal opportunities for students with special needs in academic education” implemented at the Univer- sity of Sarajevo, in cooperation with several other universities in Bosnia and Herzegovina, several documents dealing with students with disabilities were written, including publications Visually im- paired students in academic education. The publi- cation is intended for students with various degrees of visual impairment, but also for all other students who have problems with some of the eye diseases, or could find themselves in such a situation due to the burden of the medical history. Also, the text is intended for teaching staff working with visually impaired students, who in their work have the op- portunity to meet these students, and basic work in- structions and advice on adapting classes, as well as ways to achieve adequate contact with visually impaired people, are given. (Teskeredžić, Dizdare- vić & Bratovčić, 2013)

3. Analysis of key categories

Based on the key recommendations of selected IFLA guidelines discussed earlier, this chapter pro- vides an analysis of library and information services for users with disabilities, an analysis of services for blind and visually impaired users, in the Library of the University of Sarajevo - Faculty of Philosophy. Representation and compliance of services with the recommendations of IFLA’s guidelines were an- alysed in the following previously explained key categories, which were singled out as the basic cat- egories of the development plan for these services, i.e. which must be met for the library to be able to provide quality services to users with disabilities:

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štapom ili psom vodičem omogućen je, uz pomoć portira, ulazak u Biblioteku bez nailaženja na pre­preke. Međutim, rukohvati na ulazu u zgradu Fa­kulteta koji se nastavljaju do prostorija Biblioteke ne postoje.

Kada su općenito korisnici/ice s invaliditetom u pi­tanju, valja naglasiti da parking zgrade Univerziteta u Sarajevu - Filozofskog fakulteta posjeduje jedno parking mjesto označeno međunarodnim simbo­lom za osobe s invaliditetom; također parkiralište se nalazi odmah ispred ulaza u zgradu Fakulteta, a Biblioteka je fizički smještena na prizemlju, tako da je osobama s invaliditetom lako doći do bibli­oteke. Oznake na parkingu istaknute su žutom bo­jom, jasne su i čitljive. Postoji rasvjeta ispred ulaza u zgradu i nema prepreka. Podloga na ulazu ispred zgrade fakulteta je zadovoljavajuća. Također, stubi­šta i stepenice nisu označene kontrastnim bojama, ne postoje slikovne oznake koje vode do lifta kako je naznačeno u IFLA-inim smjernicama za osobe sa invaliditetom, ali lift ima oznake na brajici, iako ne i glasovne upute.

Biblioteka je smještena u prizemlju zgrade Fakul­teta tako da ne postoje stepenice koje bi mogle iza­zvati prepreke prilikom ulaska u prostorije Biblio­teke; također, kabineti bibliotekara/ki su smješteni na prizemlju, što omogućava osobama s invalidite­tom nesmetan pristup ličnom bibliotekaru/ki. Prema preporukama, vrata ulaza u Biblioteku trebaju biti staklena; vrata ulaza u Biblioteku su djelimično sta­klena, ali postoje oznake upozorenja.

U suštini, svi dijelovi Biblioteke su pristupačni. Prostor je logično podijeljen s jasnim oznakama. Pultovi za pozajmicu su smješteni u blizini ulaza. Naručivanje bibliotečke građe vrši se u Odjeljenju za pozajmicu (soba br. 11) pored kojeg se nalazi i Čitaonica (soba br. 13). Toalet za studente/ice s in­validitetom nalazi se prekoputa Odjeljenja za pozaj­micu (prostorija br. 22).

Biblioteka Univerziteta u Sarajevu - Filozofskog fakulteta omogućava online upis u Biblioteku i onli- ne narudžbe građe te mogućnost jednog produživa- nja vremenskog perioda na koji je građa zadužena. Korisnici/ice mogu ove pogodnosti sami uraditi, međutim, posuđivanje štampane građe i njeno vra­ćanje mora se odvijati u prostoriji Odjeljenja za po­zajmicu. Biblioteka Univerziteta u Sarajevu - Filo­zofskog fakulteta ne posjeduje specijalizirani Odjel sa zvučnim knjigama i ostalom građom za slijepe i slabovidne osobe. Međutim, ova kategorija je usko

When it comes to physical access to the premises of the Library, but also to the Faculty building itself, a blind person with a cane or a guide dog is with the help of the porter enabled to enter the Library without encountering obstacles. However, handrails at the Faculty building entrance continue to the Li- brary premises do not exist.

When it comes to users with disabilities in gener­al, it should be emphasized that the parking lot of the University of Sarajevo - Faculty of Philosophy has one parking space marked with the internation- al symbol for people with disabilities, the parking lot is also located right in front of the entrance to the Faculty building, and the Library is physically located on the ground floor, so that people with dis- abilities can easily reach the library. The signs in the parking lot are highlighted in yellow, they are clear and readable. There is a light fixture in front of the entrance to the building, and there are no ob- stacles. The surface at the entrance in front of the faculty building is satisfactory. Also, the staircases and stairs are not marked in contrasting colours, and there are no pictorial signs leading to the lift as indicated in the IFLA guidelines for people with disabilities, however, the lift has Braille signage, al- though, there are no voice instructions.

The library is located on the ground floor of the Fac- ulty building, so there are no stairs that could cause obstacles when entering the premises of the library, also, the librarians’ offices are located on the ground floor, which allows people with disabilities unhin- dered access to the personal librarian. According to the recommendations, the entrance door to the Li- brary should be made of glass, the entrance door to the Library is made partially of glass, but there are warning signs.

Essentially, all parts of the Library are accessible. The space is logically divided with clear markings. Loan desks are located near the entrance. Library materials are ordered in the Loan Department (room no. 11), next to which is the Reading Room (room no. 13). The toilet for students with disabilities is lo- cated opposite the Loan Department (room no. 22).

2. Materials

The Library of the University of Sarajevo - Fac- ulty of Philosophy enables online enrolment in the Library and online ordering of materials, as well as the possibility of one extension of the period for which the materials are borrowed. Users can make

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povezana s kategorijom asistivne tehnologije i sa- radnjom s drugim ustanovama. Stoga bibliotekari/ ke i knjižničari/ke građu koju nemaju posuđuju iz drugih biblioteka u Bosni i Hercegovini i regionu preko međubibliotečke pozajmice te svoje korisni- ke/ice informišu o međubibliotečkoj pozajmici ili je vrše umjesto njih.

Na zahtjev korisnika/ice s invaliditetom Biblioteka Univerziteta u Sarajevu - Filozofskog fakulteta po­maže u prenošenju bibliotečke građe na odgovara­jući medij.

Kada su usluge za korisnike/ice s invaliditetom u pitanju, Biblioteka Univerziteta u Sarajevu - Filo­zofskog fakulteta nastoji osigurati pravo na jednak i slobodan pristup bibliotečkoj građi svim korisnici- ma/icama, na osnovu člana 42. Zakona o autorskim i srodnim pravima (Službeni glasnik BiH, 13. 6. 2010), po kojem je “Dopušteno reproduciranje i distribui­ranje djela za potrebe invalidnih lica ako to djelo ne postoji u traženom obliku, ako je njegova upotreba u direktnoj vezi s invalidnošću tih lica i ograničena na njen obim, te ako to nije urađeno s namjerom da se ostvari posredna ili neposredna ekonomska korist. U tom slučaju izvor i ime autora moraju biti naznačeni, ako su navedeni na djelu koje se koristi.” (Zakon o autorskim i srodnim pravima, 2010).

Biblioteka Univerziteta u Sarajevu - Filozofskog fa­kulteta bila je prva biblioteka u Bosni i Hercegovini koja je putem projekta iz 2018. godine pod nazivom “Nabavka opreme za olakšan pristup bibliotečkim fondovima studentima sa invaliditetom u čitaonici Filozofskog fakulteta u Sarajevu” implementirala modernu asistivnu tehnologiju i to:

SmartView Synergy PI elektronski desktop poveća­lo iz HUMAN WARE kolekcije posebno je dizajni­rano za osobe s makularnom degeneracijom, dijabe­tičkom retinopatijom ili bilo kojim drugim stanjem smanjenog vida. SmartView Synergy PI odlikuje progresivna kamera koja poboljšava tekst u pokretu, omogućavajući stabilnu sliku bez efekta zaostalosti, izobličenja ili treperenja. Korisnik/ica može čitati brže i duže s lakoćom i ugodnošću.

Software za slijepe - čitač ekrana JAWS® for Win- dows najpopularniji je čitač ekrana na svijetu. Dis­tribuira se širom svijeta u više od 50 zemalja i pre­veden je na 23 jezika. Čitač ekrana JAWS omogu-

Bećirović

these benefits themselves; however, the borrowing of printed material and its return must take place in the room of the Loan Department. The Library of the University of Sarajevo - Faculty of Philosophy does not have a specialized Department with audio- books and other materials for the blind and visually impaired. However, this category is closely related to the assistive technology category and coopera- tion with other institutions. Therefore, librarians and library technicians borrow material that they do not have from other libraries in Bosnia and Herze- govina and the region through interlibrary loans and inform their users about interlibrary loans or make the same for them.

At the request of users with disabilities, the Library of the University of Sarajevo - Faculty of Philos- ophy assists in transferring library materials to the appropriate medium.

When it comes to services for users with disabilities, the Library of the University of Sarajevo - Faculty of Philosophy strives to ensure the right to equal and free access to library materials for all users, based on Article 42 of Zakon o autorskim i srodnim pravi­ma (Law on Copyright and Related Rights) (Službe­ni glasnik BiH, 13. 6. 2010 / Official herald B&H, 13 June 2010), according to which “Reproduction and distribution of a work for the needs of disabled persons is permitted if that work does not exist in the requested form, if its use is directly related to the disability of those persons and is limited to its extent, and if this was not done to achieve economic benefit directly or indirectly. In this case, the source and the name of the author must be indicated, if they are mentioned in the used work.” (Zakon o autor­skim i srodnim pravima, 2010).

The Library of the University of Sarajevo - Faculty of Philosophy was the first library in Bosnia and Her- zegovina to implement modern assistive technology through a project from 2018 entitled “Procurement of Equipment for Easier Access to Library Funds for Students with Disabilities in the Reading Room of the Faculty of Philosophy in Sarajevo” as follows:

The SmartView Synergy PI electronic desktop magnifier from the HUMAN WARE collection is specially designed for people with macular degen- eration, diabetic retinopathy, or any other low vi- sion condition. SmartView Synergy PI features a progressive camera that enhances text in motion,

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ćava slijepim i slabovidim osobama da ravnopravno s videćima koriste većinu aplikacija na računaru. JAWS prati aktivnosti korisnika/ica na računaru i čita sadržaj ekrana.

3.3.3. anReader

anReader je govornik na lokalnim jezicima za JAWS. Računar za pretraživanje OPAC-a nalazi se na visini prilagođenoj za korisnike/ice u invalid­skim kolicima. Elektronska lupa (Prodigi desktop) smještena je u središnjem dijelu Čitaonice. JAWS čitač ekrana dostupan je na računaru smještenom u središnjem dijelu Čitaonice.

Bibliotekari/ke i knjižničari/ke Biblioteke su ujed­no i informatori/ce koji obučavaju korisnike/ice za pretraživanje COBISS-a, a vrše i detaljnije pretra­živanje dostupnih baza podataka na određenu temu koju korisnik/ica zahtjeva, a koja iziskuje određene stručne kompetencije. Knjižničari/ke pružaju infor­macije korisnicima/icama kako da koriste opremu u specifičnim situacijama.

U čitaonici Biblioteke Filozofskog fakulteta u pr­voj i drugoj smjeni uvijek je prisutan/na dežurni/a knjižničar/ka koji/a je na raspolaganju korisnicima/ icama, koji/a u određenim situacijama može vršiti uslugu ličnog čitanja.

Također, osoblje, odnosno uposlenici Filozofskog fakulteta, svake godine pohađaju obuku Zaštite od požara te samim tim istu obuku prolaze i uposlenici Biblioteke, pa se može reći da je osoblje osposo­bljeno za pomoć korisnicima/icama u slučaju takve vrste opasnosti.

Prema autorici Jadranki Stojanovski postoji deset skupina unutar kojih bi biblioteka trebala ponuditi svoj sadržaj. To su: 1. opće informacije; 2. podaci o odgovornosti; 3. datum zadnje promjene sadržaja; 4. online katalozi; 5. elektronički izvori; 6. usluge knjižnice; 7. informacijska služba; 8. izobrazba, upute, pomoć; 9. pretraživanje; 10. novosti. (Stoja- novski, 2011). S tim u vezi, web-stranica Biblioteke Filozofskog fakulteta, koja se nalazi se na poddo- meni stranice Filozofskog fakulteta, nudi obilje in­formacija u kategorijama: Historijat, Vizija i misija, Kako postati član/članica?, Informacije o radnom vremenu, Informacije o osoblju, Donacije i poklo­ni, Međubibliotečka pozajmica, Posebne zbirke, Katalog, E-izložbe, elektronske izvore informacija

providing a stable image without the effects of lag, distortion, or flickering. The user can read faster and longer with ease and comfort.

Software for the blind - screen reader JAWS® for Windows is the most popular screen reader in the world. It is distributed worldwide in more than 50 countries and has been translated into 23 languages. The JAWS screen reader enables blind and visual- ly impaired people to use most applications on the computer as equally as the sighted. JAWS monitors the user’s activities on the computer and reads the contents of the screen.

anReader is local language speaker for JAWS. The computer for OPAC search is at a height adapted for wheelchair users. The electronic magnifier (Prodigi desktop) is located in the central part of the Reading Room. The JAWS screen reader is also available on a computer in the central part of the Reading Room.

The librarians and library technicians of the Li- brary are also information officers who train users to search COBISS; they also perform a more de- tailed search of the available databases on a specific topic requested by the user, which requires certain professional competencies. Also, librarian techni- cians provide information to users on how to use the equipment in specific situations.

In the reading room of the Library of the Faculty of Philosophy, there is always a librarian on duty in the first and second shifts who is available to users, and who can provide personal reading services in certain situations.

Also, the staff, i.e. the employees of the Faculty of Philosophy, attend Fire Protection training every year, and therefore the Library’s employees undergo the same training, and consequently it can be said that the staff is trained to help users in case of this type of danger.

According to the author Jadranka Stojanovski, there are ten groups within which the library should of- fer its content. They are: 1. general information; 2. accountability data; 3. the date of the last content change; 4. online catalogues; 5. e-resources; 6. li- brary services; 7. information services; 8. training,

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za nastavnike, tražilicu, Preporučene dokumente, Informacije o posudbi građe, uslugu Pitajte bibli­otekara, Često postavljana pitanja, Upute i pomoć, Novosti.

Izrada web-stranice biblioteke uvažava informa­cijsku arhitekturu koja se odnosi na dizajn, svrhu, sadržaj i tehnologiju te funkcionalnost stranice, čiji je cilj omogućiti korisnicima/icama lakši, brži i jed­nostavniji pristup. Na web-stranici Biblioteke Filo­zofskog fakulteta ponuđeni sadržaj je lako shvatljiv te ima vrijednost za korisnike/ice. Isto tako, sve informacije navedene na mrežnoj stranici su tačne, pouzdane i objektivno predstavljene te korisnicima/ icama relevantne, a izvori navedenih informacija mogu se provjeriti. Prilikom oblikovanja ove stra­nice uvaženi su i osnovni estetski kriteriji. To pri­je svega podrazumijeva primjerenu veličinu slova, kao i pažljiv odabir boje slova i podloge. Sve će to korisnicima/icama omogućiti lakše čitanje teksta i jednostavnije pretraživanje ponuđenog sadržaja.

Na stranici Biblioteke postoji zasebna sekcija Kori­snici s invaliditetom na kojoj su dostupne informa­cije za korisnike/ice s invaliditetom, a tiču se pristu­pa prostorijama, načinu prilagođavanja bibliotečke građe, opreme koju Biblioteka ima, asistivne tehno­logije, te upute putem videolinka kako da korisnici/ ice upotrebljavaju tu tehnologiju. Možemo reći da je web-stranica Biblioteke u određenoj mjeri prila­gođena slijepim i slabovidnim korisnicima/icama.

Biblioteka Univerziteta u Sarajevu - Filozofskog fakulteta ima razvijen sistem međubibliotečke po­zajmice kako bi svojim korisnicima/icama osigu­rala građu. Biblioteka vrši besplatan upis korisni- ka/ica koji nisu studenti/ice Filozofskog fakulteta. Također, Biblioteka vrši usluživanje korisnika/ica kojima Filozofski fakultet nije matični fakultet, pa studenti/ice s drugih fakulteta, vanjski studenti/ ice i korisnici/ice mogu pristupiti građi i opremi i koristiti je u čitaonici. Ono što je potrebno uraditi u ovoj kategoriji jeste veća promocija mogućnosti međubibliotečke pozajmice kako bi se informirao što veći broj korisnika/ica. Naprimjer, Biblioteka je 2017. godine realizovala i prvi Bibliotečki sajam na kojem je Biblioteka za slijepa i slabovidna lica BiH predstavila i dio svoje opreme. Za građu koju Biblioteka ne posjeduje, a treba slijepim i slabovid- nim studentima/icama, kroz princip razmjene građe, opreme, ali i iskustava, smanjuju se troškovi kroz saradnju s drugim ustanovama.

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instructions, help; 9. search; 10. news. (Stojanovski, 2011). To that end, the website of the Library of the Faculty of Philosophy, located on the subdomain of the Faculty of Philosophy website, offers an abun- dance of information in the following categories: History, Vision and Mission, How to become a mem- ber?, Information on working hours, Information on staff, Donations and gifts, Interlibrary loans, Special collections, Catalogues, E-exhibitions, electronic information resources for teachers, search engines, Recommended documents, Information on borrow- ing materials, service Ask a librarian, Frequently asked questions, Instructions and help, News.

The creation of the Library’s website respects the information architecture related to design, purpose, content, and technology, as well as the page’s func- tionality, to provide users with easier, faster, and simpler access. The content offered on the website of the Library of the Faculty of Philosophy is easy to understand and has value for users. Likewise, all information provided on the website is accurate, reliable and objectively presented, and relevant to users, and the sources of the information can be ver- ified. When designing this page, the basic aesthetic criteria were taken into account. This, first of all, implies the appropriate size of the letters as well as the careful selection of the colour of the letters and the background. All of this will enable users to read the text more easily and search the offered content more easily.

On the Library’s website, there is a separate section Users with disabilities, where information is avail- able for users with disabilities, regarding access to the premises, how to adapt library materials, the equipment that the Library has, assistive technolo- gies, and instructions via a video link on how users can use this technology. We can say that the website of the Library is adapted to a certain extent for blind visually impaired users.

The Library of the University of Sarajevo - Faculty of Philosophy has a developed system of interlibrary loans to provide its users with materials. The library enrols users who are not students of the Faculty of Philosophy free of charge. Also, the Library serves users for whom the Faculty of Philosophy is not the parent faculty, so students from other faculties, ex- ternal students and users can access the materials and equipment and use them in the reading room. In this category, more promotion of the possibility of

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Biblioteka Univerziteta u Sarajevu - Filozofskog fakulteta svoj rad obavlja prema pravilnicima koji su nastali iz potrebe usklađivanja važećih pravilni­ka te sačinjavanja odgovarajućih procedura nakon njihove implementacije na Univerzitetu u Sarajevu i njegovim organizacionim jedinicama. Od strateš­kih dokumenata potrebno je izdvojiti Strateški plan razvoja biblioteka, Strategiju razvoja digitalne bi­blioteke i Nabavnu politiku, koji su jedan od ishoda ERASMUS+ projekta Capacity Building in Higher Education (CBHE) - “Library Network Support Services (LNSS): Modernising libraries in Western Balkan countries through staff development and re- forming library services”.

Strateški plan razvoja biblioteka, koji su sačinili Pejić, Grebović-Lendo i Madacki, odnosi se na pro­mjenu svijesti o važnosti visokoškolskih biblioteka u izgradnji društva znanja, ali i promjenu shvata- nja uloge visokoškolskih biblioteka u akademskoj zajednici i široj javnosti. Osnovni zadatak visokoš­kolske biblioteke jeste da svim svojim korisnicima/ icama odgovori na informacijski upit. “Visokoškol­ska biblioteka u svom poslovanju promovira zna­nje i korištenje informacija kroz implementaciju programa informacijske pismenosti. Program infor­macijske pismenosti podrazumijeva proces u kojem bibliotekar kontinuirano vrši edukaciju korisnika i omogućava korisnicima da nakon edukacije budu spremni da pronađu, organiziraju, evaluiraju i ko­riste informacije na etičan način.” (Pejić, Grebović- Lendo i Madacki, 2017).

Sljedeći važan strateški dokument je Strategija ra­zvoja digitalne biblioteke autorica Senade Dizdar i Nadine Grebović-Lendo, koje su SWOT analizom ustanovile sve slabosti, nedostatke, potencijalne opasnosti, ali i prednosti digitalnih biblioteka na Univerzitetu u Sarajevu. “Analizom je ustanovljeno da veliki broj biblioteka posjeduje pojedine online servise i usluge i da je to temelj koji se može sma­trati bitnim za razvoj digitalne biblioteke. U takvim uslovima kao veoma važnu aktivnost treba izdvojiti integriranje e-usluga i službi u digitalnu biblioteku, koja bi omogućila korištenje zajedničkih resursa, unaprijedila usluge, razvila centraliziranu digitali- zaciju, te unaprijedila cjelokupno bibliotečko poslo­vanje i kvalitet rada biblioteka, neophodan za nji­hovu promijenjenu ulogu u obrazovnom sistemu.” (Dizdar i Grebović-Lendo, 2018).

Nabavna politika jedan je od strateških dokumena­ta nastao 2017. godine, a odnosi se na racionalnu

interlibrary loans must be done to inform as many users as possible. For example, in 2017, the Library held the first Library Fair, where the Library for the Blind and Visually Impaired of B&H presented part of its equipment. For the materials that the Library does not possess, but are needed by blind and vis- ually impaired students, through the principle of ex- change of material, and equipment, but also experi- ences, and with cooperation with other institutions, expenses are decreased.

The Library of the University of Sarajevo - Faculty of Philosophy carries out its activities according to the regulations that were developed from the need to harmonize the valid regulations and creation of appropriate procedures after their implementation at the University of Sarajevo and its organizational units. Among the strategic documents, it is neces- sary to single out the Strategic Plan for the Library Development, the Strategy for the Development of the Digital Library, and the Procurement Poli- cy, which are one of the outcomes of the ERAS- MUS+ project Capacity Building in Higher Educa- tion (CBHE) - “Library Network Support Services (LNSS): Modernising libraries in Western Balkan countries through staff development and reforming library services”.

The Strategic Plan of the Library Development, by Pejić, Grebović-Lendo and Madacki, refers to a change in awareness of the importance of academic libraries in building a knowledge society, but also to a change in the understanding of the role of academ- ic libraries in the academic community and the gen­eral public. The main task of the academic library is to respond to all its users’ information requests. “Academic library in their activities promotes knowledge and use of information through the im- plementation of programs of information literacy. Information literacy programs imply a process in which the librarian continuously educates users and enables users to be ready to find, organize, evaluate, and ethically use information after the education.” (Pejić, Grebović-Lendo & Madacki, 2017).

The following important strategic document is Strategy for Development of the Digital Library, prepared by Senada Dizdar and Nadina Grebo- vić-Lendo, which established a SWOT analysis of all the weaknesses, shortcomings, and potential dangers, but also advantages of digital libraries at the University of Sarajevo. “The analysis found that a great number of libraries have individual online

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nabavku građe potrebne visokoškolskim biblioteka­ma. “Cilj kreiranja dokumenta nabavne politike je stvaranje smjernica o odlučivanju o odabiru, uprav­ljanju i čuvanju bibliotečke zbirke, definiranje od­govornosti za razvoj zbirke, te omogućavanje uvida javnosti u principe na kojima počiva razvoj zbirke.” (Dizdar, Rašidović i Rožajac-Zulčić, 2017).

Biblioteka Univerziteta u Sarajevu - Filozofskog fakulteta kvalitet rada i uspješnost Biblioteke pra­ti pomoću bibliotečke statistike iz programa CO- BISS i ti podaci su osnova za izvođenje zaključaka o uspješnosti rada biblioteke, tj. njena objektivna ar­gumentacija. Međutim, Biblioteka nema evaluaciju bibliotečko-informacijskih usluga koju su proveli/e slijepi/e i slabovidni/e korisnici/e, odnosno općeni­to korisnici/e s invaliditetom. Kao korak u daljem razvoju postojećih bibliotečko-informacijskih uslu­ga za slijepe i slabovidne korisnike/ice, potrebno je provesti evaluaciju dosadašnjih postignuća i prema tome usmjeriti svoj dalji rad, odnosno razvoj uslu­ga. Potrebno je da Biblioteka provede kvalitativno istraživanje putem ankete o zadovoljstvu korisnika/ ica Bibliotekom koje se ne odnosi samo na protok građe.

4. Zaključak

Analiza bibliotečko-informacijskih usluga za slijepe i slabovidne korisnike/ice u Biblioteci Univerziteta u Sarajevu - Filozofskog fakulteta pokazuje visoku prilagođenost Biblioteke izdvojenim preporukama IFLA-inih smjernica i u tom smislu može poslužiti kao dosta dobar model, odnosno primjer planiranja i razvoja ovih usluga i u drugim visokoškolskim bibliotekama, u njihovom naporima orijentiranim na usluživanje korisnika/ica s invaliditetom, u vrlo specifičnim bosanskohercegovačkim uslovima.

Rezultati analize ukazali su na to da je okvir razvo­ja usluga Biblioteke uglavnom obuhvatio upravo osnovne elemente koje planiranje takvih usluga podrazumijeva (fizički pristup Biblioteci, građa, asistivna tehnologija, educirano osoblje, mrežne stranice, saradnja s drugim ustanovama, strateški dokumenti).

Visokoškolske biblioteke svoju djelatnost, usluge i građu, kao i svi ostali tipovi biblioteka, trebaju te­meljiti na potrebama i zahtjevima svojih korisnika/ ica. Kao takve, dužne su svim svojim korisnicima/ icama omogućiti nesmetano korištenje svojih izvora i usluga te im pružiti podršku u obrazovanju.

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services and that this is a foundation that can be considered essential for the development of a dig- ital library. In such conditions, the integration of e-services and services in the digital library should be singled out as a very important activity, which would enable the use of common resources, im- prove services, develop centralized digitization, and improve the overall library business and the quali- ty of the activities of libraries, which is necessary for their changed role in the system of education.” (Dizdar & Grebović-Lendo, 2018).

The procurement policy is one of the strategic doc- uments created in 2017 and refers to the rational procurement of material needed by university li- braries. “The goal of creating a procurement policy document is to develop guidelines about deciding on the selection, management, and preservation of the library collection, defining responsibility for the development of the collection, and enabling the public to see the principles on which the collection development rests.” (Dizdar, Rašidović & Roža- jac-Zulčić, 2017).

5. 8. Evaluation

The Library of the University of Sarajevo - Faculty of Philosophy monitors the quality of activities and the success of the Library with the use of library statistics from the COBISS program; these data are the basis for conclusions drawn about the success of the library’s activity, i.e. its objective argumen- tation. However, the Library does not have an eval- uation of library and information services provided by blind and visually impaired users, or users with disabilities in general. As a step in the further devel- opment of existing library and information services for blind and visually impaired users, it is necessary to carry out an evaluation of the existing achieve- ments and to direct its further activity accordingly, i.e. the development of services. The Library must conduct qualitative research through a survey on the satisfaction of users with the Library, which does not only refer to the flow of materials.

4. Conclusion

The analysis of library and information services for blind and visually impaired users in the Library of the University of Sarajevo - Faculty of Philosophy shows that the Library shows high adaptability to the selected recommendations of IFLA’s guidelines, and in this sense, it can serve as a fairly good mod­el or example of the planning and development of these services in other academic libraries in their

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Iako je Biblioteka značajno prilagođena preporu­kama, a s obzirom na to da su ove usluge i dalje u razvoju, kada je riječ o fizičkom pristupu Biblioteci Univerziteta u Sarajevu - Filozofskog fakulteta, pre­poruka je da se postave rukohvati na kosom prilazu. Što se tiče građe koja je prilagođena slijepim i sla- bovidnim studentima/icama, Biblioteka Univerzite­ta u Sarajevu - Filozofskog fakulteta ne posjeduje specijalizirani Odjel sa zvučnim knjigama i ostalom građom za osobe s teškoćama pri čitanju, međutim, upućuje svoje studente/ice na e-izvore traženih pu­blikacija. Preporuka za dalje korake bila bi da se razvija fond audioknjiga prema korisničkim zahtje­vima, odnosno prema najtraženijoj literaturi potreb­noj za studiranje.

Kada je riječ o asistivnoj tehnologiji, taktilne linije još uvijek nisu implementirane u biblioteci. Osim kasetofona i CD-uređaja za reprodukciju, Biblioteka posjeduje JAWS povećalo, SmartView Synergy PI, anReader, ali ne posjeduje računare s programima za osobe sa sniženim intelektualnim sposobnosti­ma. Ovakvi računari još uvijek nisu implementirani u biblioteci. Preporuka je da se Biblioteka okrene ka dodatnoj nabavci moderne tehnologije u kojoj je budućnost obrazovanja svih studenta/ica.

S obzirom na to da su bibliotečko-informacijske us­luge za slijepe i slabovidne korisnike u Biblioteci Univerziteta u Sarajevu - Filozofskog fakulteta u razvoju, analiza bibliotečko-informacijskih usluga za slijepe i slabovidne korisnike u Biblioteci poka­zala je značajnu prilagođenost Biblioteke s izdvoje­nim preporukama IFLA-inih smjernica.

Osim toga, ova analiza je otkrila usluge Biblioteke koje nisu predmet ovog istraživanja, ali su razvijene, iako se i za njih mogu donijeti neka poboljšanja, a ovdje ih je značajno spomenuti. Za osobe u invalid­skim kolicima fizički pristup je omogućen od samog ulaska u zgradu Fakulteta, kosi prilaz nije pretjera­no strm, ali je nedovoljno širok da bi se osobe u in­validskim kolicima mogle neometano kretati. Inter- fon je postavljen ispred ulaza u zgradu Fakulteta, ali nije prilagođen visini koja je prihvatljiva osobama u invalidskim kolicima. Osobi u invalidskim kolicima ili osobi koja koristi štake ili štap za hodanje omo­gućen je prolaz kroz vrata i sigurnosne kontrolne rampe. Prostor ispred ulaznih vrata Fakulteta, kao i prostor ispred vrata ulaza u Biblioteku, Čitaonicu i Katalog te hodnici, dovoljno su široki za okreta­nje invalidskih kolica. Ulazna vrata jesu dovoljno široka i bez problema i bez prepreka omogućen je ulazak i prolazak kroz vrata osobama u invalidskim kolicima. Gumbovi su postavljeni na odgovarajuću

efforts oriented towards serving users with disabil- ities, in the very specific conditions of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

The results of the analysis indicated that the frame- work for the development of the Library’s services mainly included the basic elements that the plan- ning of such services implies (physical access to the Library, materials, assistive technology, educated staff, websites, cooperation with other institutions, strategic documents).

Academic libraries, like all other types of libraries, should base their activities, services and materials on the needs and requirements of their users. As such, they are obliged to enable all their users to use their resources and unobstructed services and to provide them with support in education.

Although the Library has been significantly adapted to the recommendations, and given that these ser- vices are still under development, when it comes to physical access to the Library of the University of Sarajevo - Faculty of Philosophy, it is recommend- ed to install handrails on the sloping ramp.

As for materials adapted to blind and visually im- paired students, the Library of the University of Sarajevo - Faculty of Philosophy does not have a specialized Department with audiobooks and other materials for people with reading difficulties; how- ever, it directs its students to the e-sources of the required publications. The recommendation for fur- ther steps would be to develop a fund of audiobooks according to user requirements, that is, according to the most requested literature needed for studying.

When it comes to assistive technology, tactile lines have not yet been implemented in the library. In ad- dition to cassette players and CD players, the Library has a JAWS magnifier, SmartView Synergy PI, and anReader, but does not have computers with pro- grams for people with reduced intellectual abilities. Such computers have not yet been implemented in the library. It is recommended that the Library turn to the additional acquisition of modern technology in which lies the future of education for all students.

Given that library information services for blind and disabled users in the Library of the University of Sarajevo - Faculty of Philosophy are under de- velopment, the analysis of library and information services for blind and disabled users in the Library showed significant adaptation of the Library to se- lected recommendations of the IFLA guidelines.

In addition, this analysis revealed the services of the Library, which are not the subject of this research, but

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visinu u liftu, tako da ih osobe u invalidskim kolici­ma mogu dosegnuti. Invalidskim kolicima je omo­gućeno kretanje cijelom Bibliotekom. Ispred vrata nema stepenica, ali sva vrata se ne otvaraju auto­matski. Stolovi i stolice s računarima prilagođeni su osobama u invalidskim kolicima. Pult je fiksni, nije pomičan. U Odjeljenju za pozajmicu postoje stolice koje su namijenjene za starije korisnike/ice i korisnike/ice s invaliditetom, te sto na koji mogu odložiti sopstvene stvari. Osiguran je jedan toaletni prostor za osobe s invaliditetom. Jasnih i slikovnih oznaka koje upućuju na to gdje se nalazi toalet, a koje bi se trebale nalaziti na hodnicima, nema, je­dino je na vratima toaleta postavljena oznaka da je to toalet za osobe u invalidskim kolicima. Vrata su dovoljno široka za prolazak invalidskih kolica te u unutrašnjosti toaleta ima dovoljno prostora za okre­tanje i pozicioniranje invalidskih kolica. Toaletni papir i rukohvati su pozicionirani na visini priklad­noj za osobe u invalidskim kolicima, poluga za ispi­ranje toaleta nije implementirana, ali je vodokotlić postavljen nisko, prihvatljivo za osobe u invalid­skim kolicima. Prekidač za alarm nije implementi­ran u toaletu za osobe u invalidskim kolicima. Umi­vaonik i ogledalo su na prikladnoj visini. Magacin u kojem je smješten fond Biblioteke, koji prelazi broj od 200.000 publikacija, nije prilagođen za oso­be u invalidskim kolicima. Ukoliko bi se sva građa prilagodila osobama u invalidskim kolicima, to bi značilo neracionalno korištenje prostora za smještaj građe, stoga postoje knjižničari/ke koji donose gra­đu u Odjeljenje za pozajmicu i, nakon što korisnik/ ica građu vrati, knjižničari/ke je ponovo smještaju na police u magacinu. Visina stolova u čitaonici je prilagođena svim korisnicima/icama, zatim stolovi u pozajmici na kojima su smješteni računari prila­gođene su visine za osobe u invalidskim kolicima. Također, stolovi u čitaonici na kojima su postavlje­ni računari prilagođeni su i lako dostupni za čitanje i kucanje osobama u invalidskim kolicima. Osim toga, u zgradi Univerziteta u Sarajevu - Filozof­skog fakulteta, u hodnicima su postavljeni stolovi s računarima, na svim spratovima, kako bi studenti/ ice mogli pretraživati COBISS, prijavljivati ispite, ili kako bi ih mogli koristiti za svoje individualne potrebe. Ovi stolovi nisu prilagođeni osobama u invalidskim kolicima. Prolaz između polica s knji­gama nije dovoljno širok kako bi se mogli kretati korisnici/ice u invalidskim kolicima, ali zbog opte­rećenosti fonda, korisnici/ice nemaju potrebu ulaziti u magacin u kojem je smješten fond biblioteke, jer to obavljaju knjižničari/ke, koji dostavljaju građu u Odjeljenje za pozajmicu, gdje korisnici/ice pre-

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have been developed, although some improvements can be made for them as well, and it is important to mention them here. For people in wheelchairs, phys- ical access is possible from the moment you enter the Faculty building, the sloping ramp is not too steep, but it is not wide enough so that people in wheel- chairs can move freely. The intercom is placed in front of the entrance to the Faculty building, but it is not adjusted to a height that is acceptable for people in wheelchairs. A person in a wheelchair or a person using crutches or a walking stick pass through doors and safety control ramps are enabled. The space in front of the entrance doors of the Faculty, also the space in front of the entrance doors to the Library, Reading Room, and Catalogue, and the corridors are wide enough for wheelchairs to turn around. The entrance door is wide enough and enables people in wheelchairs to enter and pass through the door with- out any problems or obstacles. The buttons are placed at the appropriate height in the elevator so that people in wheelchairs can reach them. Wheelchairs are en- abled to move around the entire Library. There are no steps in front of the door, but not all doors open automatically. Tables and chairs with computers are adapted for people in wheelchairs. The counter is fixed, not movable. In the Loan Department, there are chairs intended for elderly users and users with disabilities, and a table where they can put their be- longings. One toilet space is provided for people with disabilities. There are no clear and pictorial labels in- dicating where the toilet is, which should be on the corridors; the only sign on the door of the toilet is that it is a toilet for people in wheelchairs. The door is wide enough for a wheelchair to pass through, and there is also enough space inside the toilet to turn and position the wheelchair. Toilet paper and handrails are positioned at a height suitable for wheelchair us- ers, the toilet flush lever is not implemented, but the flushing tank is placed low, acceptable for wheelchair users. The alarm switch is not implemented in the toilet for people in wheelchairs. The sink and mirror are at a suitable height. The stack room that houses the Library’s collection, which exceeds the number of 200,000 publications, is not adapted for people in wheelchairs. If all materials were to be adapted for people in wheelchairs, it would mean an irrational use of space for the accommodation of materials, therefore, librarian technicians bring material to the Loan Department and after the user returns the same material, the librarian technicians place it back on the shelves in the stack room. The height of the tables in the reading room is adjusted to all users, and the tables in the study room where the computers are lo-

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uzimaju građu, a koja je u potpunosti prilagođena osobama s invaliditetom. Iako je Biblioteka u skoro svim aspektima prilagođena preporukama, s obzi­rom na to da su ove usluge i dalje u razvoju, kada je riječ o fizičkom pristupu Biblioteci Univerziteta u Sarajevu - Filozofskog fakulteta, preporuka je da se postave rukohvati na kosom prilazu te da se on pro­širi kako bi se osobe u invalidskim kolicima mogle komotno kretati. Također, interfon, koji već postoji, nije prilagođen visini koja je prihvatljiva osobama u invalidskim kolicima. Prema smjernicama, ovo je potrebno prilagoditi općenito posjetiteljima u in­validskim kolicima Filozofskog fakulteta. Stolovi s računarima koji su postavljeni u hodnicima u zgra­di Univerziteta u Sarajevu - Filozofskog fakulteta nisu prilagođeni osobama u invalidskim kolicima, potrebno ih je prilagoditi, ili bar jedan, koji bi mogli koristiti studenti/ice s invaliditetom.

Potrebno je izdvojiti da je Biblioteka Univerziteta u Sarajevu - Filozofskog fakulteta u stalnom nasto­janju za poboljšanjem rada Biblioteke te da ima ra­zvijen plan akcije za buduće korake, koji se odnosi na: izradu popisa obavezne literature za pojedine predmete čiji je cilj izrada audioknjiga, prilagođa- vanje formata, uspostavljanje saradnje s partnerima, nabavka kvalitetnog softvera za OCR, u cilju što br­žeg razvoja i pristupa određenoj građi koju slijepi i slabovidni studenti/ice potražuju.

Ne možemo očekivati da će Biblioteka moći zado­voljiti apsolutno sve individualne potrebe svakog svog korisnika/ice, ali kada govorimo o slijepim i slabovidnim korisnicima/icama, a prema rezultati­ma ovoga istraživanja, možemo zaključiti kako je neophodno malo volje i saradnje kako bi se usluge dovele do zavidnog nivoa. Riječ je o korisnicima/ icama koji su izuzetno samostalni i koji od biblio­teke ne očekuju da zadovoljavaju njihove informa­cijske potrebe u svakodnevnom životu, nego samo da im omoguće da do potrebnih informacija, građe i literature potrebne za studiranje dođu na jedno­stavniji i brži način. U vremenu razvoja informa­cijske tehnologije, kada su gotovo svi navikli da su im informacije odmah dostupne, slijepi i slabovidni studenti/ice još uvijek imaju poteškoća s konsultira- njem literature u odgovarajućim formatima. Upravo iz tog razloga potrebno je slijepim i slabovidnim studentima/icama omogućiti pristup literaturi kako ne bi izgubili svaku naklonost prema bibliotekama. Ono što bi dodatno potaknulo slijepe i slabovidne osobe na studiranje bilo bi senzibilnije i educiranije univerzitetsko, odnosno fakultetsko okruženje, tj. osjećajnost svih sudionika visokoškolskog obrazo­vanja da im omoguće primjerice alternativne načine

cated are adjusted to the height of people in wheel- chairs. Also, the tables in the reading room where the computers are placed are adapted and easily accessi- ble for reading and typing for people in wheelchairs. In addition, in the building of the University of Sa­rajevo - Faculty of Philosophy, desks with comput- ers are placed in the corridors, on all floors, so that students can search COBISS, register for exams, or use them for their individual needs. These tables are not wheelchair accessible. The passage between the bookshelves is not wide enough for users in wheel- chairs to move, but due to the volume of the fund, users do not need to enter the stack room where the library’s collection is located, as this is done by the librarian technicians who deliver the materials to the Loan Department, where users pick up the materials, which are fully adapted for people with disabilities. Although the Library is adapted to the recommenda- tions in almost all aspects, and given that these ser- vices are still under development, when it comes to physical access to the Library of the University of Sa­rajevo - Faculty of Philosophy, it is recommended to install handrails on the sloping ramp and to expand it so that people in wheelchairs can move comfortably. Also, an intercom that already exists is not adapted to a height that is acceptable for people in wheelchairs. According to the guidelines, this should be adapted to all visitors in wheelchairs of the Faculty of Phi- losophy. Tables with computers that are placed in the corridors of the University of Sarajevo - Faculty of Philosophy building are not suitable for people in wheelchairs, they need to be adapted, or at least one that could be used by students with disabilities.

It is necessary to single out that the Library of the University of Sarajevo - Faculty of Philosophy is in constant development to improve the activity of the Library and that it has developed an action plan for future moves, which refers to: creating a list of re- quired literature for certain subjects which goal is the creation of audiobooks, adaption of the format, estab- lishment of cooperation with partners, procurement of quality software for OCR, with the aim of fast- er development and access to certain materials that blind and visually impaired students are requesting. We cannot expect that the Library will be able to meet absolutely all the individual needs of each of its users, but when we talk about blind and visually impaired users, and according to the results of this research, we can conclude that a little will and cooperation is nec- essary to bring the services to an enviable level. It is the users who are extremely independent and who do not expect the library to meet their information needs in everyday life, but only to enable them to get the

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polaganja ispita, osiguraju digitalnu zbirku obave­zne literature predviđene nastavnim planovima i programima, prilagođenu njihovim potrebama.

Postojeće bibliotečko-informacijske usluge Bibliote­ke su se kontinuirano i postepeno razvijale, a plan, odnosno proces njihova razvoja može poslužiti kao model za razvoj takvih usluga i u drugim visokoškol­skim bibliotekama, s važnom napomenom da jedan od ključnih aspekata u razvoju i pružanju ovih usluga u visokoškolskim bibliotekama uključuje i saradnju s menadžmentom visokoškolskih institucija.

Biblioteka Univerziteta u Sarajevu - Filozofskog fakulteta po izdvojenim ključnim i analiziranim kategorijama u visokoj mjeri ispunjava propisane smjernice za usluživanje slijepih i slabovidnih oso­ba, odnosno osoba s invaliditetom. Bitno je naglasi­ti kako je Biblioteka u stalnom nastojanju na ostva­rivanju bolje bibliotečko-informacijske usluge ori­jentirane ka svim svojim korisnicima/icama, kako bi nesmetano i najbrže došli do tražene informacije. Zbog svega toga razvoj tematiziranih usluga ove Biblioteke može poslužiti kao model i primjer dru­gim visokoškolskim bibliotekama u bosanskoher- cegovačkom okruženju. Jednak pristup znanju svim korisnicima/icama i društvena uključenost slijepih i slabovidnih osoba i osoba s invaliditetom pravi je put za stvaranje stabilnijeg društva znanja.

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necessary information, materials, and literature need- ed for studying in a simpler and faster way. In the time of information technology development, when almost everyone is used to information being imme- diately available to them, blind and visually impaired students still have difficulties consulting literature in appropriate formats. It is precisely for this reason that blind and visually impaired students should be given access to literature so that they do not lose all affinities for libraries. What would further encourage blind and visually impaired people to study would be a more sensitive and educated university or faculty environment, i.e. the sensitivity of all participants in academic education to enable them, for example, al­ternative ways of taking exams, provide digital col- lection of mandatory literature envisaged in the cur- ricula adapted to their needs.

The existing library and information services of the Library have been continuously and gradually de- veloped, and the plan or process of their develop- ment can also serve as a model for the development of such services in other academic libraries, with an important note that one of the key aspects in the development and provision of these services in ac- ademic libraries includes also cooperation with the management of academic institutions.

The Library of the University of Sarajevo - Facul- ty of Philosophy, according to the selected key and analysed categories, to a high extent meets the pre- scribed guidelines for serving blind and visually im- paired people, i.e. people with disabilities. It is im- portant to emphasize that the Library is constantly striving to provide a better library and information service oriented towards all its users so that they can easily and quickly reach the requested information. Due to all of the above, the development of the the- matic services of this Library can serve as a model and example for other academic libraries in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Equal access to knowledge for all users, and social inclusion of blind and visually impaired people and people with disabilities is the right way to create a more stable knowledge society.

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Bibliografija/Bibliography

Zakon o autorskim i srodnim pravima. (2010). Službeni glasnik Bosne i Hercegovine 63(10). http://www. sluzbenilist.ba/page/akt/U4XQiuAywzo= (24. 2. 2024).

Zakon o izmjenama i dopunama Zakona o zabrani dis­kriminacije. (2016). Službeni glasnik BiH 66(16).https://www.osce.org/files/f/documents/1/1 /378877.pdf (30. 8. 2024).

Zakon o zabrani diskriminacije. (2009). Službeni glasnik BiH 59(9).https://www.osce.org/files/f/docu- ments/1/1/378877.pdf (30. 8. 2024).

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