Original scientific paper
https://doi.org/10.56321/ijmbs.11.17.22
CLUSTER MAPPING OF FIXED BROADBAND INTERNET PRICES IN EUROPE WITH A FOCUS ON AFFORDABILITY
IVAN JAJIĆ
orcid.org/0000-0002-5081-3531
Abstract
Using Eurostat data for two reference years (2019 and 2023), the paper on fixed broadband internet pricing in Europe has been conducted using k-means cluster analysis, with validity indicators applied for both years of observation. The results of the k-means cluster analysis demonstrate a significant decline in average prices over time as well as an ongoing division within Europe into two clusters of price: the cheaper cluster and the more premium cluster. Furthermore, the mean centroid of both clusters has declined over the two reporting periods, indicating that the overall trend of pricing has been downward. The Republic of Croatia has seen a decline in pricing but continues to fall within the more expensive cluster of the overall European fixed-broadband market. Croatia is also maintaining a similar relative ranking within the market. The contributions of this paper are a cluster-mapping structure of fixed-internet affordability in a way that countries can use to compare themselves with other countries and examine the relative position of all countries against one another over time.
Keywords
affordability; Internet; PPP; k-means
Hrčak ID:
342133
URI
Publication date:
23.12.2025.
Visits: 456 *