Review article

LNG Ship Mooring Analysis in Gazenica Port

Antonio Todorović ; University of Zadar, Maritime Department, Zadar, Croatia
Mate Barić orcid.org/0000-0003-4419-0873 ; University of Zadar, Maritime Department, Zadar, Croatia *
Rikardo Radovčić ; University of Zadar, Maritime Department, Zadar, Croatia
Marino Denaro ; University of Zadar, Maritime Department, Zadar, Croatia

* Corresponding author.

Abstract

The safe mooring of LNG ships at Gazenica port is part of safe cargo handling operations and for
reducing the risks of accidents. This paper analyzes the elements of the mooring system, including
the type of mooring equipment, the impact of external forces (such as the wind, waves, and tidal
movements), and optimal mooring angles. A particular focus of the research is the analysis of the
existing infrastructure at Gazenica port, including the bollards and the implementation of advanced
technologies, such as sensors for monitoring the forces acting on the mooring lines and the ship during
mooring operations. The paper also takes into account the compliance with international safety standards
and regulatory requirements, including IMO (International Maritime Organization) and OCIMF (Oil
Companies International Marine Forum) standards, and analyzes specific requirements arising from
LNG terminal regulations. Based on the conducted analysis, the paper provides recommendations
for improving the mooring system at Gazenica port, improving safety, efficiency, and environmental
protection. The conducted analysis contributes to a better understanding of the challenges associated
with the mooring of LNG ships and suggests infrastructure improvement. Furthermore, the paper
points out the importance of integrating new technologies into the mooring process, enabling better
monitoring and optimization of operations and increasing safety during the ship’s stay at berth.

Keywords

LNG, mooring, safe, berth

Hrčak ID:

346310

URI

https://hrcak.srce.hr/346310

Publication date:

14.4.2026.

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