Review article
https://doi.org/10.21857/ypn4ocdg09
Review of various technologies of smart grid management for increasing the flexibility of the power system and enabling mass integration of renewable energy sources
Igor Kuzle
orcid.org/0000-0001-8992-4098
; Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing Department of Energy and Power Systems, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
Abstract
Over the last 15 years, major changes have taken place in the electricity sector. A significant increase in the share of renewable energy sources (RES) with variable generation, followed by the decommissioning of conventional power plants based on fossil fuels, has dramatically changed the way of the power system (EPS) operation. During this time, there has been inadequate and untimely investment in the transmission infrastructure. This occurred partly due to the lack of funding, and partly due to the climate change and the rising environmental awareness, as well as the influence of green activists making it difficult to obtain permits to build electrical grid facilities. Additionally, electricity consumption is steadily increasing due to population growth in the undeveloped and developing countries, and due to the rising living standard in the developed countries. Therefore, global electricity consumption is expected to triple by 2050. To meet the new demands, Transmission System Operators (TSOs) are deploying advanced transmission technologies based on a comprehensive application of information and communication solutions. These technologies increase the capacity, efficiency, and reliability of both the existing and new elements of the transmission system. These solutions applied vary from system to system and depend on many influencing factors. The application of these advanced technologies is particularly important for congestion management, as the power system operates closer and closer to stability limits, increasing the risk of collapse. The paper describes the technologies that transform the existing network into smart grids, primarily from the point of view of increasing the capacity of the existing infrastructure through different smart grid investments.
Keywords
renewable energy sources; smart grid; flexibility; transmission grid
Hrčak ID:
307574
URI
Publication date:
23.3.2023.
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