Original scientific paper
IMPACT OF DIET AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN ADOLESCENTS BODY MASS INDEX
Marizela Šabanović
orcid.org/0000-0003-2247-7996
; Faculty of Pharmacy, Univerzitet of Tuzla, Univerzitetska 7, Tuzla, B&H
Azijada Beganlić
; Faculty of Medicine, Univerzitet of Tuzla, Univerzitetska 1, Tuzla, B&H
Nedžad Mulavdić
; Faculty of Pharmacy, Univerzitet of Tuzla, Univerzitetska 7, Tuzla, B&H
Mirela Đaković
; “Pharmamed”, Dolac na Lasvi bb, 72270 Travnik, B&H
Abstract
The number of overweight and obese children in Western countries is increasing every day.
The main causes of this condition are excessive intake and availability of energy-rich meals with poor physical activity.
Aim: Determine the impact of diet and physical activity on the state of adolescents’ nourishment, as well as the partial contribution of these two factors.
Examinees and methods: The study was conducted among students of the second and fourth year of high school in the municipality of Tuzla. Data for this study were collected through a cross-sectional study using anonymous questionnaires. The so-called convenient sample was used meaning that three sophomore and three senior classes were randomly taken and examined during their Physical Education classes. In this way, a total of 396 examinees were
included: 135 boys and 261 girls. During the research, specially designed questionnaire on dietary habits and physical activity was used. Students were measured by body weight, height, and they had their BMI calculated. Statistical hypotheses were tested at a significance level of α = 0.05, i.e. the difference between samples was considered significant if p <0.05.
Results: 11.11 % of the examined are underweight, 75.75 % have normal BMI, while 13.13 % is overweight. In relation to gender, boys have higher BMI than girls. According to the modified HEI scale for food quality, 3.79 % of students surveyed have excellent food quality,
75.25 % have the quality of diet that should be corrected and 20.96 % of the students have poor diet. In relation to gender the research showed that boys have diet of higher quality (p = 0.006), while in relation to age younger examinees have better diet (p = 0.044). 81.31 % of the students have moderate physical activity, 8.83% have low physical activity, while only 9.85 % of the surveyed have high physical activity. In relation to gender and age, the research
showed no difference in terms of total physical activity between boys and girls, and older and younger subjects. About 48 % of the nutritional status variability expressed as BMI can be explained if we use diet and physical activity as predictors., When it comes to BMI, diet (β=0.58) has better predictive power than physical activity (β = 0.21).
Conclusion: When it comes to diet and physical activity as nutritional factors with adolescents, diet has more influence.
Keywords
adolescents; BMI; diet; physical activity
Hrčak ID:
87441
URI
Publication date:
30.4.2012.
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