Original scientific paper
https://doi.org/10.33128/pc.22.3-4.3
Research of chemical composition and quality of fruits of apple varieties on M rootstocks
Ivo Miljković
; Čazmanska 2, Zagreb, Hrvatska
Abstract
Research on chemical composition and quality of fruit of seven apple varieties on six M rootstocks were performed during two years in the Faculty experimental orchard Jazbina near Zagreb. Researches have been carried out on varieties: Belle de Boskoop, Reinette de Canada, Jonathan, London pepping, Belle fleur, Mašanka and Reine de reinette on the rootstocks: M 1 , M 2 , M 4 , M 5 , M 9 a nd M 1 1. The experimental orchard was raised by a randomized block in four repetitions. Each repetition was represented by five trees in a combination of rootstocks and varieties, i.e., 20 trees of each variety on each rootstock. The trees from which analysed fruits samples were taken were cultured in the repaired form of vases, and were well developed in full production period. Researches include: soluble dry matter, total sugars, titration acidity, malic acid and pH value. The quality of the fruits was determined by analysis of balance between the amount of total sugar (g/l) and the amount of malic acid (g/l) by the Thiault index. Under the influence of the rootstocks, no significant difference was found in the amount of total sugars and acids in the fruits of the cultivated varieties. Smaller differences in the amount of total sugars and acids were determined by the climatic conditions of the year but not under the influence of the rootstocks in the same year. The quantity of total sugars of the cultivated variety can be classified into three groups. The most, or equally, the total sugar contains the fruits of Belle de Boskoop, and Reinette de Canada (from 14.5 to 15.0%), then the fruits of the Reine de reinette (from 13.0 to 13.9), and equally the fruits of the Belle fleur, Jonathan, London pepping and Mašanka (from 11.5 to 12.5). Between the three groups indicated, a significant difference was found at the LSD P=5% level. Most acids contain Belle de Boskoop and Reinette de Canada fruits (6.5 to 7.5 g/l), then Reine de reinette (5.5 to 6.0 g/l), equally Jonathan and Belle fleur (4.5 to 5.0 g/l), and the least, or the same, of Mašanka and London pepping (3.5 to 4.5 g/l). Between the three groups of varieties, a significant difference was observed at the LSD P=5% level. I n t he same o rder, fruits are g raded for q uality based o n sugar r atio ( g/l) and apple acid (g/l).
Keywords
apple; variety; rootstock; chemical composition; fruit; quality
Hrčak ID:
222931
URI
Publication date:
3.6.2019.
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