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Journal of Central European Agriculture, Vol. 21 No. 3, 2020.

Original scientific paper

https://doi.org/10.5513/JCEA01/21.3.2677

Chemical components of kernel quality in sh2 sweet corn genotypes (Zea mays L. saccharata Sturt.) as affected by harvest date

Sanja ŠPOLJARIĆ MARKOVIĆ ; Centre for Seed and Seedlings, Croatian Agency for Agriculture and Food, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
Tatjana LEDENČAN ; Department of Maize Breeding and Genetics, Agricultural Institute Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
Marija VILJEVAC VULETIĆ ; Department Agrochemical Laboratory, Agricultural Institute Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
Vlatko GALIĆ ; Department of Maize Breeding and Genetics, Agricultural Institute Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
Antun JAMBROVIĆ ; Department of Maize Breeding and Genetics, Agricultural Institute Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
Zvonimir ZDUNIĆ ; Department of Maize Breeding and Genetics, Agricultural Institute Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
Domagoj ŠIMIĆ ; Department of Maize Breeding and Genetics, Agricultural Institute Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
Zlatko SVEČNJAK ; Department of Field Crops, Forage and Grassland, University of Zagreb Faculty of Agriculture, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia

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Abstract

Kernel water (KW) and total soluble sugars (TSS) are major components of sweet corn taste, while total carotenoids (TC), total phenols (TP) and antioxidant activity (AA) contribute to its health benefits. Main objective was to determine the effect of genotype, harvest date and year on chemical components of kernel quality in shrunken (sh2) sweet corn.
Nine sh2 genotypes were harvested at 3-day intervals from 20 to 32 days after pollination (DAP) over two years. Growing season significantly affected TC and TP only. Significant differences among genotypes were found for KW (75.3 - 77.4%), TTS (282.4 - 343.2 mg/g), TC (9.3 - 15.7 µg/g), TP (243.6 - 289.4 mg GEA/100 g) and AA (74.6 - 83.6 % inhibition). Effect of harvest date and genotype by harvest date interaction was significant for all traits. Compared to the 20 DAP, KW and
TSS decreased, while TC, TP and AA tended to increase with later harvest dates. Based on KW, genotypes OS 5Esh and Overland extended harvest window up to 29 DAP. In contrast, optimum harvest window for genotype OS 244sh finished at 20 DAP. Extended harvest window for genotype Overland resulted in significant increase of TC (62.8%), TP (12.1%)
and AA (12.4%).

Keywords

sweet corn; soluble sugars,; carotenoids; phenols; antioxidant activity

Hrčak ID:

244307

URI

https://hrcak.srce.hr/244307

Publication date:

29.9.2020.

Article data in other languages: croatian

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