Review article
https://doi.org/10.31952/amha.18.2.7
THE INFLUENCE OF THE VIENNA SCHOOL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY ON THE BEGINNINGS OF MODERN OPHTHALMOLOGY IN CROATIA
Milan Ivanišević
; Milan Ivanišević, Katedra za oftalmologiju, Medicinski fakultet, Sveučilište u Splitu, Šoltanska 2, 21000 Split, Hrvatska
Abstract
The founder of the Vienna School of Ophthalmology was Prof. Dr. Georg Joseph Beer, who
founded the First University Eye Clinic in the Vienna General Hospital in 1812. Prof. Ferdinand
von Arlt led it for 27 years from 1856 to 1883. As the First Eye Clinic became too small, the
Second University Eye Clinic was founded in 1883 at the same hospital in Vienna. Since 1885
it had been led for 30 years by Prof. Ernst Fuchs. Many well-known ophthalmologists were
leading those Viennese eye clinics. However, Arlt and Fuchs were the main representatives of
the Vienna School of Ophthalmology, which was always characterised by the high standards
in the diagnosis and therapy of eye diseases. Many Croatian ophthalmologists were educated
by them or their students, and later they established eye departments in the major cities in
Croatia and transmitted acquired knowledge and experience. The first eye departments in
Croatia were formed at the turn of the 19th and 20th century. The First University Eye Clinic
in Croatia started to work in Zagreb in 1923. Our ophthalmologists transmitted the organisation
of the clinics as they existed in Vienna, and that was the matrix form of all European clinics
at that time. Therefore, the tradition of the Vienna School of Ophthalmology was passed
on to the next generations. The paper also gives short biographies of Viennese and Croatian
ophthalmologists and their mutual relations in education and work.
Keywords
ophthalmology, history, 19th-20th century, Vienna School of Ophthalmology, Croatia
Hrčak ID:
251596
URI
Publication date:
31.12.2020.
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