Original scientific paper
https://doi.org/10.33128/pc.26.1-4.3
Dynamics of macrobiogenic elements in leaf and fruit of apple varieties in the ecological conditions of Slavonia
Ivo Miljković
; Zagreb, Hrvatska
Krunoslav Dugalić
; Poljoprivredni institut Osijek, Osijek, Hrvatska
Marko Dropulić
Tea Presečki
Milena Andrišić
; Hrvatska agencija za poljoprivredu i hranu, Centar za tlo, Osijek, Hrvatska
Ivana Zegnal
orcid.org/0009-0007-9162-9654
; Hrvatska agencija za poljoprivredu i hranu, Centar za tlo, Osijek, Hrvatska
Sanela Lacković
Hrvoje Hefer
; Hrvatska agencija za poljoprivredu i hranu, Centar za tlo, Osijek, Hrvatska
Silvio Šimon
orcid.org/0000-0003-2638-5511
; Ministarstvo poljoprivrede Republike Hrvatske, Zagreb, Hrvatska
Abstract
The paper presents the results of multi-year research on the dynamics of: nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium in the leaf and fruit during the growing season in the varieties Golden Delicious and Fuji, grown in high density planting on rootstock M 9. The orchard was raised on the pesudogley luvic soil. The soil is acidic, relatively weak in humus, moderately supplied with phosphorus and potassium, and very rich in magnesium. Nutritional balance is monitored by analyzing the ratios: K/Ca, N/K, N/Ca, balance and sum of cations in the phases of the growth of fruit: cell division, cell elongation and cell swelling. At the end of the big wave of vegetative growth of saplings and fruits weighing from 60 to 80 grams, the plant nutrition capacity of the soil was evaluated using the foliar diagnosis method and the possibility of the occurrence of physiological fruit diseases was predicted based on the determined ratio of K/Ca in the leaf and fruit. The genetic specificities of the mineral nutrition of the varieties were determined. The concentration of nitrogen and potassium gradually decreases from the beginning to the end of the growing season, while the concentration of phosphorus and magnesium is the same during the growing season. The leaves of the Fuji variety contain a significantly higher concentration of nitrogen than the Golden Delicious variety. The leaves of the Golden Delicious variety contained a significantly higher concentration of potassium and calcium than the leaves of the Fuji variety. Under the influence of the variety, no significant differences were found in the concentration of phosphorus and magnesium. The concentration of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium decreased in the fruits until harvest. At the time when the fruits had a mass of 60 to 80 g, the concentration of: macrobiogenic elements was within the range of normal supply. The concentration was within the normal range at the time of harvest, except for potassium, which was slightly below the limit. Under the influence of the variety, no statistically justified differences were found. A statistically justified difference between varieties was found for the K/Ca ratio.
Keywords
dynamics; macrobiogenic elements; leaf; fruit; apple varieties
Hrčak ID:
295740
URI
Publication date:
2.3.2023.
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