Sjemenarstvo, Vol. 25 No. 2, 2008.
Original scientific paper
EVALUATION OF GRAIN YIELD STRUCTURE OF WINTER WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.) CULTIVARS AND LINES
Marijana Barić
; Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb
Marijana Jurman
; Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb
Ivanka Habuš Jerčić
; Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb
Snježana Kereša
; Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb
Hrvoje Šarčević
; Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb
Abstract
Ten different genotypes of winter wheat (cultivars, lines) were used for determination of yield genetic structure after sowing in two densities (420 and 600 grains/m2). Yield and the following yield components were analysed: number of spikes/m2, grain weight/spike and 1000 grain weight. The highest mean yield (average of two densities) was found for line ZgM1 (7.36 t/ha) and cultivar Renan (7.32 t/ha), while significantly lower yield was found for cultivars Banica (6.69 t/ha), Kuna (6.61 t/ha) and Žitarka (6.23 t/ha). Cultivar Soissons (5.38 t/ha) had the lowest mean yield. Genotypes ZgM1 and Renan were the best yielding in both sowing densities and Banica only in lower sowing density. Sowing density influenced yield and yield components. Increased sowing density increased yield (average of all genotypes) by 4.77% and number of spikes/m2 by 12.29%, but decreased grain weight/spike by 9.19% and 1000 grain weight by 4.21%.
Genotypes showed three different grain yield structures depending on contribution of a particular component: 1. the structure in which 1000 grain weight had the highest contribution to yield, followed by grain weight/spike and number of spikes/m2, 2. the structure in which grain weight/spike had the highest contribution to yield followed by 1000 grain weight and number of spikes/m2, 3. the structure in which number of spikes/m2 had the highest contribution to yield, followed by 1000 grain weight and grain weight/spike. By increasing sowing density, all genotypes except Banica and Patria kept their specific yield structure. Knowledge on yield structure of particular genotype is important in order to apply optimal sowing density in which safe, good quality and economical production will be achieved.
Keywords
sowing density; yield; yield structure; wheat
Hrčak ID:
27744
URI
Publication date:
26.9.2008.
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