Review article

https://doi.org/10.15255/KUI.2023.030

Overview of Recycling Techniques for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Vladimir Marcinov ; Technical University of Košice, Faculty of Materials, Metallurgy and Recycling, Institute of Recycling Technologies, Letna 1/9, Kosice-Sever, Slovakia
Dusan Orac orcid.org/0000-0003-0392-8544 ; Technical University of Košice, Faculty of Materials, Metallurgy and Recycling, Institute of Recycling Technologies, Letna 1/9, Kosice-Sever, Slovakia
Iveta Vaskova orcid.org/0000-0001-6820-4876 ; Technical University of Košice, Faculty of Materials, Metallurgy and Recycling, Institute of Metallurgy, Letna 1/9, Kosice-Sever, Slovakia
Jakub Klimko ; Technical University of Košice, Faculty of Materials, Metallurgy and Recycling, Institute of Recycling Technologies, Letna 1/9, Kosice-Sever, Slovakia
Jana Piroskova ; Technical University of Košice, Faculty of Materials, Metallurgy and Recycling, Institute of Recycling Technologies, Letna 1/9, Kosice-Sever, Slovakia
Simon Nagy orcid.org/0000-0002-8722-7085 ; Technical University of Košice, Faculty of Materials, Metallurgy and Recycling, Institute of Recycling Technologies, Letna 1/9, Kosice-Sever, Slovakia
Pavol Liptai orcid.org/0000-0001-8197-6627 ; Technical University of Košice, Faculty of Materials, Metallurgy and Recycling, Institute of Recycling Technologies, Letna 1/9, Kosice-Sever, Slovakia
Zita Takacova ; Technical University of Košice, Faculty of Materials, Metallurgy and Recycling, Institute of Recycling Technologies, Letna 1/9, Kosice-Sever, Slovakia

Abstract

This paper presents a literature review on the processing of used lithium-ion batteries in both industry and research. On an industrial scale, lithium-ion batteries are primarily processed through pyrometallurgical methods, leading to incomplete utilisation of lithium cells. On the other hand, the hydrometallurgical route of recycling lithium-ion batteries poses challenges, such as large-scale discharging or inert gas pretreatment, largely due to explosion hazards. Modern methods of lithium-ion battery recycling are oriented toward refining the leach liquor through solvent extraction methods using D2EHPA and Cyanex 272, to recover Co, Mn, and Ni. The final Li product is obtained through Na₂CO₃ precipitation.

Keywords

lithium batteries; recycling; lithium extraction; solvent extraction method; pyrometallurgical treatment; hydrometallurgical treatment

Hrčak ID:

315019

URI

https://hrcak.srce.hr/315019

Publication date:

11.3.2024.

Article data in other languages: croatian

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