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Agriculturae Conspectus Scientificus, Vol. 89 No. 2, 2024.

Original scientific paper

Efficacy of Biorational and Synthetic Insecticides on Busseola fusca (Fuller, 1901) on Maize in Nigeria's Southern Guinea Agro-Ecological Zone

Lukman I. Gambari orcid id orcid.org/0000-0003-2295-2339 ; Department of Crop Production, Federal University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria; School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
Raymond U. Akor orcid id orcid.org/0009-0003-9225-9385 ; Department of Crop Production, Federal University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria
Onyi Echami ; Department of Crop Production, Federal University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria
Stephanie N. Ajuu ; Department of Crop Production, Federal University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria
Samuel F. Babatunde orcid id orcid.org/0000-0002-0146-9156 ; Department of Crop Protection, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria

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Abstract

In 2021 and 2022, two field studies were carried out to determine the effects of botanicals and synthetic pesticides on maize stemborer, Busseola fusca (Fuller, 1901). The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The botanical extract (Azadirachta indica A. Juss., Moringa oleifera Lam., and Citrus × sinensis (L.) Osbeck) was formulated using water as a solvent. Phytochemical analysis was carried out on the extract with the presence of secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, glycosides, steroids, triterpenoids, anthraquinones, and saponins. In the 2021 planting season the experiment recorded high efficacy of A. indica extract on larvae of B. fusca population of 4.33 and untreated plots having the highest number of infestations of 10.00. Among the botanicals, M. oleifera extract underperformed compared to A. indica in the two-planting seasons. The yield output of A. indica outperformed the two botanicals in the two-planting season with 4.70 t ha-1 and 4.53 t ha-1 in 2021 and 2022 planting seasons respectively, while M. oleifera had the lowest yield with the untreated plot with 3.22 and 3.01 t ha-1 therein with a lowest yield. These findings indicate that botanical formulations of various plant components may be useful for the control of stem borer populations on maize.

Keywords

Azadirachta indica, Botanical, Busseola fusca, Moringa oleifera

Hrčak ID:

318458

URI

https://hrcak.srce.hr/318458

Publication date:

27.6.2024.

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