Review article

DNA CHIP TECHNOLOGY

Snježana Bolarić orcid.org/0000-0002-0555-8922 ; Agronomski fakultet Sveučilišta u Zagrebu, Zagreb, Hrvatska
Marija Trusk ; Agronomski fakultet Sveučilišta u Zagrebu, Zagreb, Hrvatska
Vinko Kozumplik ; Agronomski fakultet Sveučilišta u Zagrebu, Zagreb, Hrvatska
Aleš Vokurka ; Agronomski fakultet Sveučilišta u Zagrebu, Zagreb, Hrvatska

Abstract

Concurrently with the development of molecular markers as the basic technologies of DNA analyses, scientists started to develop new technology, called DNA-chip. The name cames from the technical aspects of the chip, which consists of the small glass plate with attached oligonucleotide strains of DNA on it and looks similar to electronic chip. The other names found in literature are biochip, DNA microarray, gene array, gene chip and others. According to the experimental purpose of the chip, three main types of chips have been developed: sequential chip, expressional chip and chip of comparative hibridization. The basic classification of DNA-chips into oligonucleotide chips and cDNA chips is based on their purpose and the way of use. Detection of mutations and DNA variations in complete genomes, and sequencing and analysis of a genome may be performed with oligonucleotide DNA-chip, while cDNA-chip is mainly used in research of gene expression, detection of particular protein components in food, detection of gene mutations and assessment of biosafety in consuming GMO plants. An important field of application of DNA-chip is analysis of gene expression and detection of variations on the level of nucleotides (SNP - Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms).

Keywords

DNA chip; genome; gene expression; diagnostics

Hrčak ID:

43019

URI

https://hrcak.srce.hr/43019

Publication date:

16.11.2009.

Article data in other languages: croatian

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