Izvorni znanstveni članak
New approaches to the analysis of the influence of washing agents for delicate textiles
Ana Burić
; Kärcher d.o.o., Zagreb, Hrvatska
Tanja Pušić
; Sveučilište u Zagrebu Tekstilno-tehnološki fakultet
*
Tihana Dekanić
; Sveučilište u Zagrebu Tekstilno-tehnološki fakultet
* Dopisni autor.
Sažetak
The study is focused to the influence of the washing agents on the properties of delicate textiles, two black coloured wool knitwear, a blue cotton fabric and an orange linen-silk blended fabric through 10 cycles at 30 °C. The bath was varied by selecting four washing media: three liquid detergents (P, M, O), which were used in the recommended concentrations, and water. The washing process was preceded by an analysis of the detergents by determining the total surface-active substances and the pH value. Results of analysis showed differences between detergents.The secondary washing effect of liquid detergents and water of selected textiles was compared by analysing the spectral values of washed versus unwashed textiles, the degree of hydrophilicity and the surface analysis of all textiles. The effect of the washing process on the properties of textiles was checked by residual amounts of anionic and nonionic surfactants in an aqueous extract of textiles that had been washed 10 times and coloration of effluent after each washing cycle. The results of the parameters, the evaluation of colour fastness to washing and the total colour difference (dE) of washed compared to unwashed textiles, confirmed insignificant differences in the impact of liquid detergents on materials through 10 wash cycles at 30 °C. The greatest differences within the tested detergent series were achieved by the content of residual substances, nonionic and anionic surfactants in an aqueous extract of the washed materials. The content of nonionic surfactants in the extract of the wool knitwear with a more compact structure (VP1) is above the limit value according to the RAL-GZ 992 quality system, while it is below the limit values in the extract of the other materials (wool knitwear with a lower surface mass, cotton fabric and linen/silk fabric). The content of anionic surfactants in the aqueous extract depends on the type of textiles and the liquid detergent. Values above the limit value were obtained in an aqueous extract of knitwear (VP1, washed with detergent M), woollen knitwear VP2, washed with detergent M and fabrics LST, washed with detergent P. According to this environmental criterion, the best washing agent for all materials is detergent O. The results confirmed the justification of analysis of an aqueous extract on the surface substance content, which can have a negative effect to the skin.
Ključne riječi
textiles; liquid detergent; washing; secondary effect; colour fastness; surfactants.
Hrčak ID:
322745
URI
Datum izdavanja:
11.11.2024.
Posjeta: 71 *