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Summary: The walls of Zvanimirov and the Baška stone
Nikola Bonifačić Rožin
Sažetak
In this article, the author quotes documents in which the plot of land, on the island of Krk, known as Zvanimirov is mentioned. »1475, terreno chiamato Svanimirov« and »1490, murai di Svinimero«. On the grounds of these same names and others which are preserved in existing documents, the author has managed to authenticate the localities of the Krk plateau of Krasa, as being situated on the west side of the hills Hlam and Triskavac. He has similarly ascertained the exact position occupied by Zvanimirov with walls, its name being believed to relate to the Croation king Zvanimir, who sojourned on the island of Krk. This tradition, which the names maintain in their denomination, now far more comprehensively elucidate the donation made by king Zvanimir to the Benedictine Abbey of St. Lucija, near to Baška. The substantiated fact that St. Lucija's Abbey has over the centuries possessed areas of land below Hlam, in the Vrbnik district, named »Opatija« and »Sveti Kuzma«, leasing them to the settlers, and moreover that it was exactly this area which in the fifteenth century was called Zvanimirov, lead the author to the conception that perhaps king Zvanimir presented St. Lucija's Abbey with some other land in addition to the grassland. This stimulated the author into checking the glagolitic inscription on the Baška Stone, which testifies the king's donation, but which owing to its antiquity is unfortunately damaged in various places so that the text had been incompletely deciphered and unconvincingly interpreted. In concordance with the prevailing hypotheses that after Zvanimir's death, the abbot Držiha carved his inscription on the stone, so as to protect the gift, during any uncertain situation against its renouncers, the author deciphered the names of the bestowed lands proclaimed in lines 4, 5 and 6 on the stone as being Župan, Desin, Rakr and Prbnebža, automatically correcting the hitherto interpretations which have always alluded to the titles and names of people, king's dignitaries and witnesses to the afforesaid donation. On the other part of the stone, Abbot Dobrovit, in addition to the datum dealing with the building of St. Lucija's church, during the rule of Prince Kosmat over the entire island, yields information relating to the loss of the abbey »cikule« in Otočac. Here the author by correcting the reading of the letter at the end of the twelth line - he interprets the letter »C« forming the word cikula - thus expounding the abstruseness which consequented from the up-untilnow erroneous interpretation of the letter »M« and the subsequent explanation of the word Mikula which ensued. On examining the ground and name on the pristine Zvanimirov land-area, the author substantiates the fact that the »cikula« in Otočac was situated below Hlam and that it was most definitely this estate which at the time when the Croation rulers were prominent on the island of Krk, was in community with St. Lucija's Abbey, however, it appears that the abbey lost its claim during the war, when the foreign Venetian rulers wrenched the island from the Croatian state. Abbot Dobrovit carved his section of the inscription during the period when the new »government« reigned over the entire island area, in about the year 1118, so as to ensure that the regent, Prince Dujam, ancestor of the Frankopans, could more easily protect the abbey's rights, just as Prince Kosmat had accomplished aforehand. The Baška Stone throws no light on the further developments of the estate usurped from St. Lucija's Abbey, but more recent documents unmistakably discern that the abbey received a part of the land below Hlam, known as »Opatija« and »St. Kuzma«. This as in no way satisfied the people from Vrbnik however, nor those from Punat - Krk and its on the basis of this pasture at Krasa that a century-old dispute between Vrbnik and Baška has predominated, thus the position is such that it has become a significant factor in national tradition.
Ključne riječi
Hrčak ID:
324414
URI
Datum izdavanja:
22.4.1970.
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