Original scientific paper
https://doi.org/10.17794/rgn.2022.1.4
GROUNDWATER EXPLORATION AND SALINITY INTRUSION STUDIES USING ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY SURVEY (ERS) - WINDER, BALOCHISTAN, PAKISTAN
Muhammad Irfan
; 1Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Bahria University Karachif Campus, Karachi 75300, Pakistan
Salma Hamza
; 1Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Bahria University Karachif Campus, Karachi 75300, Pakistan
Muhammad Waqar Azeem
; Department of Geology, Khushal Khan Khattak University, 27200, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Shaista Mahmud
; 1Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Bahria University Karachif Campus, Karachi 75300, Pakistan
Syed Nawaz-ul-Huda
; Dawn GIS, Geospatial Statistical Research & Analysis Division, Karachi 75300, Pakistan
Anwar Qadir
; Department of Earth Sciences, University of Haripur, 22620, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Abstract
The groundwater resources have always been explored for its utilization in domestic and agriculture purposes. In this study, Winder area in Balochistan which is along the coast of Offshore Indus Basin has been explored using electrical resistivity method for deeper understanding of hydrogeological and hydrogeophysical conditions. Schlumberger electrode arrays have been used to acquire vertical electrical sounding data for 23 different sites in this area. The field data were calibrated with theoretical curves during processing using software with graphical interface. The true resistivities, depths, thicknesses, aquifer attributes, soil type and groundwater quality has been extracted from the processed data. Pseudo-sections and geo-electrical lithology sections have been generated for lateral distribution of hydrogeological settings. Furthermore, Dar-zarrouk parameters calculations have been made and 3D surfaces generated at 30m and 60 m depth for transverse resistance (T), longitudinal conductance (S) and anisotropy (λ) plotted for resistivity distribution and coastal salinity intrusion analysis. The soundings results depict five layers mainly composed of silty sand, sandy clay, sand, and sandy gravel and the depth ranges from 0-110m. The interpretation illustrates that freshwater unconfined aquifer are present in the quaternary sand and sandy gravel deposits. The water table is at shallow depth along the river and deeper in northeast and away from Winder river. The resistivity ranges 29-1091 Ωm in layer-3 interpreted as saturated zone. The approximate range of water table is 19-30 m. The higher value of T greater than 10000 shows fresh water and low value 8200 for salinity intrusion in southwest toward sea.
Keywords
groundwater; vertical electrical sounding, winder; Dar-Zarrouk parameter; agricultural farm
Hrčak ID:
272006
URI
Publication date:
2.2.2022.
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