Veterinarska stanica, Vol. 56 No. 6, 2025.
Review article
https://doi.org/10.46419/vs.56.6.6
Current diagnostic techniques primarily used in veterinary diagnostics of Salmonella
Maja Dopuđ
; Hrvatki veterinarski institut, Zagreb, Hrvatska
Irena Reil
orcid.org/0000-0002-2198-557X
; Hrvatki veterinarski institut, Zagreb, Hrvatska
*
Maja Zdelar-Tuk
; Hrvatski veterinarski institut, Zagreb, Hrvatska
Silvio Špičić
; Hrvatski veterinarski institut, Zagreb, Hrvatska
Andrea Humski
; Hrvatski veterinarski institut, Zagreb, Hrvatska
Dora Tomašković
; Hrvatski veterinarski institut, Zagreb, Hrvatska
Silvija Šoprek Strugar
; Klinika za infektivne bolesti Dr. Fran Mihaljević, Zagreb
Jana Avberšek
; Institut za mikrobiologiju i parazitologiju, Ljubljana, Slovenija
Bojan Papić
; Institut za mikrobiologiju i parazitologiju, Ljubljana, Slovenija
Sanja Duvnjak
; Hrvatski veterinarski institut, Zagreb, Hrvatska
* Corresponding author.
Abstract
This review paper briefly overviews various methods used to detect and identify Salmonella, a common foodborne zoonotic pathogen in veterinary medicine. Salmonella bacteria is mainly found in food products and, when ingested, causes severe gastrointestinal symptoms. Due to the ongoing presence of pathogenic Salmonella in food production systems, it poses a serious public health threat. Therefore, a constant need remains to enhance identification and detection methods capable of identifying this pathogen and preventing outbreaks. The conventional and widely-used culture-based method can be considered the gold standard. However, it is time-consuming and laborious, as is traditional serotyping by slide agglutination. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) offers faster detection with higher specificity by identifying Salmonella antigens or antibodies. However, some laboratories prefer other methods due to limited sensitivity and the time it takes to establish an immune response. Therefore, methods like subtyping or advanced molecular techniques have evolved over the years: polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based methods and next-generation sequencing (NGS) provide rapid and accurate identification of Salmonella.
Unlike PCR-based methods that target specific genes, NGS provides a sequence of complete genomes. Mass spectrometry and
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy are also used, while biosensors are still in the early stages of technological development. This paper discusses the progress of identification and detection approaches for Salmonella, emphasising their basic principles, applications, and performances, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of each method.
Keywords
Salmonella; food; zoonotic pathogen; detection methods; public health
Hrčak ID:
327411
URI
Publication date:
16.3.2025.
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