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INFLUENCE OF MUCUNA FALLOW ON TURMERIC PERFORMANCE, WEED FLORA DIVERSITYAND SOIL FERTILITY
P.M. Olorunmaiye
; University of Abeokuta, Abeokuta, Nigeria
D. Olaleye
; University of Abeokuta, Abeokuta, Nigeria
Sažetak
A study to determine the performance of turmeric, weed species diversity and soil attributes using mucuna as a fallow crop to replace Panicum maximum vegetation on non fallowed land was carried out at the National Horticultural Research Institute (NIHORT), Ibadan between 2009 and 2010 cropping seasons. The experimental site was completely and highly infested by Panicum maximum prior to the commencement of the experiment. In the early growing season of 2009, the land was ploughed and harrowed and the seeds of Mucuna jaspeada were sown at 0.40 m × 0.40 m in May, 2009 to serve as a fallow crop. The mucuna seeds were harvested at maturity while the plant residue and litters that remained on the soil during the dry season were ploughed into the soil before 2m × 2m beds were prepared in the following cropping season for planting turmeric. Three treatments were imposed which included the mucuna fallowed land alone, mucuna fallowed land + inorganic fertilizer of NPK 15:15:15 at 60 kg/ha and mucuna fallowed land + organic fertilizer at 5 t/ha, were arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. Results showed that the application of inorganic fertilizer to turmeric planted and sown with mucuna significantly increased plant height, average number of tillers and rhizome yield to 47.3 cm, 14.00 per plant, 0.81 t/ha compared with 30.0 cm, 10.0 tillers per plant and 0.60 t/ha for mucuna fallow plus organic matter and 26.0 cm, 6.7 tillers per plant and 0.37 t/ha for mucuna fallow alone. Soil N and available P increased slightly from 0.75 g/kg and 10.1 mg/kg respectively the previous year before the land was fallowed to 1.00 g/kg and 11.5 mg/kg respectively after mucuna crop. Five weed species: Amaranthus spinosus, Brachiaria deflexa, Calopogonium mucunoides, Gomphrena celosoides and Panicum maximum occurred all through the sampling periods. However, the incidence of Panicum maximum was greatly reduced by the mucuna fallow 10 months after the establishment of mucuna as its relative density reduced to 18.28% as opposed to 100% land cover visually rated before the commencement of the experiment.
Ključne riječi
fallow crop; soil fertility; Panicum maximum; organic fertilizer; inorganic fertilizer
Hrčak ID:
85692
URI
Datum izdavanja:
15.7.2012.
Posjeta: 1.907 *