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NATURAL SCIENTIFIC IDENTIFICATION AND CLASSIFICATION OF FOREST ECOSYSTEM OF CROATIAN KARST AREAS
Jakob Martinović
; Braće Domany 4, Zagreb, Hrvatska
Andrija Vranković
; Božidara Magovca 55, Zagreb, Hrvatska
Ante Kutle
; Lijepa naša, Palmotićeva 17, Zagreb, Hrvatska
Sažetak
Starting from the historic and unquestioning knowledge that "methodologically classification and evaluation of forest ecosystems can best be achieved if they are defined as a pedological and vegetational sequence by taxonomic unit of vegetation after Braun-Blanquest phytocenological school and by pedosystematic soil unit after Mid.European pedological school (Gračanin,1950)" the authors analyse the situation in Croatian karst areas. It is determined that earlier classifications of forests and forest habitats (ecological and economic types of the Forest Institute Jastrebarsko, Corine Land Cover 2000 Croatia of Ministry for Environment Protection and National habitats classification by Ministry of Culture) are mostly oneway descriptive systems which cannot achieve expected results and are not adequate for valid management.(growing and utilization) of forests. The main criterion for our classification of forest ecosystems in karst areas were climate and soil expressed in the pattern of pedological and vegetation sequence. It turned out that Horvats climatogenic plant communities could be synonims for climatic areas i.e. types of climate. Thus, pedological classification of Horvats plant communities into pedosystematic units leads to combinations of taxonomic soil units and vegetation cover as well as identification of forest ecosystem types. The authors present (Tables 2 & 3) 66 main types and 139 subtypes of forest ecosystems in Croatian karst areas which can be classified into three categories: a) (ecosystem area) includes all types of ecosystem in one bioclimate area; b) ecosystem type is the basic classification unit and is defined by bioclimatic area or subarea, by Horvat's plant community and its dominantly represented taxonomic units (types and subtypes) of soil. Experience shows that Horvat's climatic units are split into 2 to 4 types of forest ecosystems ;c) ecosystem subtype is separated by bioclimate, plant community and in this community represented edafic contrast pedohora. Thus defined subtypes of forest ecosystems are most suitable for forest management and formation of detailed maps of forest ecosystems. This classification system was used and checked over a long period of time and the results are presented in a detailed work on Management of Forest Soils in Croatia (Martinović, 2003). Most important results of classification application have been obtained by studying growth and increase of forest trees, process of technogenesis of forest ecosystems and the influence of tourism and recreation on duration of forest ecosystems. Our classidication can also be applied in space planning, reconstruction of forests damaged by fire and in conservation of land ecosystems.
Ključne riječi
Croatian karst area; forest ecosystems classification; pedohora types; climate zonal vegetation
Hrčak ID:
68092
URI
Datum izdavanja:
25.2.2011.
Posjeta: 2.335 *