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Excavations in Medieval Sites Near the Churches of St Nicholas at Dol and St Mary at Poselje (Velo Selo) on the Island of Vis
Ante Piteša
Sažetak
In his work the author shows the results of archaeological excavations near the churches of St Nicholas at Dol and St Mary at Poselje (Velo Selo) on the island of Vis. The introductory part summarizes the oldest medieval sources that refer to the open-sea islands of Vis, Biševo and Svetac. The first information of the island of Vis, after Croatian migration, was written by the Byzantine Emperor and writer Constantine Porphyrogenitus in the mid-tenth century, and the Venetian chronicler Iohannes Diaconus in the late tenth century. In the war of the Venetian Duke Petar II Orseolo the town of Vis, the ancient Issa, was destroyed (AD 997-998) probably settled in a reduced number by the newly arrived Croats. Upon this military campaign the inhabitants moved to the safer inland parts of the island where Velo Selo, the major settlement on the island, and Dol developed in the late Middle Ages. In 1483 Velo Selo was burnt down in a looting campaign of Catalonians, when the majority moved back to the coastal part, and developed the villages of Luka and Kut, which are the core of the town of Vis. In the archaeological excavations near the church of St Nicholas at Dol, i.e. villa Dol in medieval documents, multiple phases of building the church were established. The older, western part of the church must have been built on the remains of a Roman economy object in the 13th century. In the late 14th century and the early 15th century the church was extended towards the east; a rectangular apse was built, as well as a new door with the architrave and rosette, and the altar with three painted-plaster sculptures of patron saints: St Nicholas, St Lawrence and St Peter. The church was last altered in the 17th century when a house was built against the southern church wall and a new massive belfry with one arch and a new altar, now in the church. The most interesting finds are plaster damaged sculptures from the late Gothic altar, which were buried in front of the church.
In the trench near the church of St Mary at Poselje, which is the oldest Marian Shrine on the island of Vis and the parish church for the whole island until 1592, a masoned tomb was excavated with the remains of two skeletons on the bottom of the tomb, which were in situ, and with a heap of scattered bones of multiple bodies above them. Near the skulls, on the bottom of the tomb there were two types of earrings with three moulded bosses, one with granulated embossed decorations and a coin of the Venetian Duke Nikola Tron (1471-1474). This closed deposit of the jewellery found with the coins, dates the mentioned earrings use to the second half of the 15th century. Next to the masoned tomb a child tomb was excavated with the finds of silver buttons, fasteners for clothes and iron buckle for belt. The burial site round the church of St Mary described by the apostle visitator Valier in 1579 as old and no more used for burials should certainly be systematically archaeologically excavated.
Ključne riječi
The Church of St Nicholas at Dol; the Church of St Mary at Poselje; late Middle Ages; Gothic sculpture; earrings with three moulded bosses; silver buttons
Hrčak ID:
2527
URI
Datum izdavanja:
1.12.2005.
Posjeta: 4.670 *