Izvorni znanstveni članak
https://doi.org/10.58565/vda.3.1.4
State recognition of belonging to the noble class of some families in villa Rogoznica near the town of Omiš – processes and decisions
Slavko Kovačić
orcid.org/0000-0002-6928-8060
Sažetak
The social diversification in the population of Croatian regions has its roots back in the medieval history. The concrete development in each of them obviously depended on different factors and, first, on concrete living conditions, especially those economic in nature. When comparing the agglomerations on the Adriatic coast, its hinterland, and the adjacent islands, mainly mountainous, with those of the fertile Pannonian plain, these were here and there very different from each other. Depending on this, a particular class arose in the villas of central Dalmatia, consisting of some peasant families more respectable than others which, although not typically rich, did own a little more arable land or vineyards and boasted about belonging to the original noble families. In some places, these were named “didici” in the sense of families whose ancestors already had had ownership of the land for a long time with certain generally recognized privileges; but to preserve these privileges and possibly obtain bigger ones, they were forced to go to the new supreme authorities after their villas and surroundings changed subjection to the state. A particular example of such a process for official confirmation, which had become very painful and extremely long-lasting, is offered by the case of seven peasant houses considered to be nobles, threatened in the villa of Rogoznica near the town of Omiš (Almissa) after the rebellion of this and other villas of the ancient Župa Primorje or Krajina, an administrative entity with a certain degree of autonomy, also enjoyed under more than a century of Ottoman subjection, against the Ottoman authority and the spontaneous devotion to the Republic of Venice in the first years of the War of Candia. The confirmation process had officially started in 1682 and then suffered a long interruption during the following two wars between the Ottomans and the Venetians, named as the Morean Wars; the process was therefore directed for a long time in two phases. The first confirmation was obtained in 1740 with the termination of the general administrator for Dalmatia and Albania, Marin Antonio Cavalli, and the definitive one barely in 1787 with the ducal issued by the supreme authorities in Venice. The jurists and lawyers, who helped with the initiation and the direction of the confirmation processes, obviously had to be provided with the necessary documentation. Foreseeing and encountering many obstacles that were difficult to overcome, they felt compelled to have recourse to an explanation of certain authentic medieval documents that had not fully corresponded to their content and, unfortunately, also to recompose some diplomas that actually never existed, in favour of supplicants, basing this on the popular traditions of the nobility of certain peasant families of the nearby Poljica countryside, to which the Venetian authorities had already confirmed the noble prerogatives, although with a degree not comparable to those possessed by the nobility of the Dalmatian cities of ancient Venetian subjection or re-honoured for special merits. After the fall of the Venetian Republic, the special commission established by the new Austrian authorities at the provincial government in Zadar with its decision issued in 1803, rejected the request forwarded by the families of Rogoznica, definitively annulling the previous Venetian decisions of 1740 and 1787. In this work, starting from the results of Denis Martinović’s research on the same topic published in 2000, we try to deepen and complete the knowledge of the topic deemed very interesting for the social history of Dalmatia in general, with the use of a greater number of historical sources of different kind and with a particular emphasis on the close historical connection of the Villa Rogoznica with the town of Omiš and with the Primorje county to which it belonged until the mid-17th century. With all of this as a basis, the historical-critical judgment on the events examined here becomes clearer and more definite.
Ključne riječi
Hrčak ID:
293347
URI
Datum izdavanja:
24.2.2023.
Posjeta: 928 *