Agroeconomia Croatica, Vol. 1 No. 1, 2001.
Conference paper
Competitiveness of the Quality of Fattened Pig Halves Produced on Family Farms in Croatia in Relation to the Countries of Developed Pig Industries
Marija Dikić
; 'Agronomski fakultet Sveučilišta u Zagrebu, Svetošimunska c. 25, 10000 Zagreb, Hrvatska
Ivan Jurić
; 'Agronomski fakultet Sveučilišta u Zagrebu, Svetošimunska c. 25, 10000 Zagreb, Hrvatska
Mijo Gašparović
; 2Podružnica HZPSS-u Brodsko-posavske županije, A. Starčevića 1, 35435 Okučani, Hrvatska
Abstract
Objective of this research was to determine the quality in S-EUROP system of fattened pig halves (from "free buying off") produced on family farms (which appear on the market as the independent breeders, producers and sellers) and to compare it to the pig half quality in the EU countries with the developed pig industries. Besides that, our intention was to show the perspective of pig production on family farms, in connection to Croatian joining to WTO, by analyzing the number and the structure of ownership of sows and pregnant gilts.
Obtained results show that in Croatia (in past and today) 83% of the total number of sows and pregnant gilts is on family farms and 17% on farms which used to be state-owned. For these farms Croatian Animal Selection Center (CASC) keeps the record for breeding, selection and production, what is not a case for family farms from which only 3,9% out of 164 000 sows where under the supervision of CASC in 1999. Number of sow breeders in family farms was increased from 549 in 1997 by times 2,28 in 1998 and by times 2,5 in 1999. In 1999, out of the total number of farms 87,1% had 1 — 3 sows and 1,2% had more than 20 sows.
Quality of the halves of 259 fattened pigs was assessed by the Two-point method on the slaughtering line and the analysis was done within the market classes of S-EUROP system and according to the weight at slaughtering — group I (optimal: 80-104,9 kg), group II (light: 50-79,9 kg) and group III (heavy: 105,0-120 kg) (Regulation, NN 119/99).
Obtained results show that the halves of our fattened pigs were with 47,91% in class R and 91,92 kg, while the average quality of halves in the developed EU countries is 56% class E and 82 kg.
Distribution according to the market classes of 259 analyzed halves was as follows: S-class 0,8%, E-class 3,1%, U-class 19,3%, R-class 58,7% and O-class 18,1%. Analysis of the slaughtering weight of halves showed that 70,7% was in group I, 15,4% in group II and 14,0% in group III. Within the slaughtering groups I, II and III halves were in percentage: S-class 0,6, 2,5, 0; E-class 1,6, 12,5, 0: U-class 18,6, 27,5, 13,9; R-class 62,8, 57,5, 38,9 and O-class 16,4, 0 and 47,2.
Independent family farms in Croatia, due to fragmented structure of breeding sow ownership, are going to be the limiting factor in the development of pig breeding, what will affect the competitiveness of our pig production in relation to the developed countries.
By Croatian joining to the world integration processes it could be expected that the non¬competitiveness in relation to the countries with more developed pig industries will lead to changes in the development of technology, organization and structure of production on the family farms and entirety of the pig production.
Keywords
fattened pigs; pig halves; muscular tissue; fat thickness; m. longissimus dorsi; S-EUROP system
Hrčak ID:
179168
URI
Publication date:
1.2.2001.
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